Figure 2. Median Nonprofit Health and Human Services Expenditures per Poor Person
Source: Authors’ tabulations based on National Center for Charitable Statistics, 2000, 2010, 2017 (National Center for Charitable Statistics 2021); 2000 Decennial Census (U.S. Census Bureau 2021a); American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2008–2012, 2015–2019 (U.S. Census Bureau 2021b); and U.S. Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service Rural-Urban Continuum Codes (U.S. Department of Agriculture 2013).
Note: Reported figures are in 2020 dollars. Based on Census and ACS estimates, we define a county’s Hispanic population as the population reporting they are of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin. A county’s Black population consists of residents who indicated they identify as Black or African American alone and who are not of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin. A county was considered to have a low (high) percentage Hispanic or Black population if the share of the county’s population identifying as Hispanic or Black was more than half a standard deviation below (above) the mean across all suburban or urban counties in a given year.