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Research Article
Open Access

Low-Wage Job Growth, Polarization, and the Limits and Opportunities of the Service Economy

Rachel E. Dwyer, Erik Olin Wright
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences September 2019, 5 (4) 56-76; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7758/RSF.2019.5.4.02
Rachel E. Dwyer
aProfessor of sociology at Ohio State University
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Erik Olin Wright
bVilas Distinguished Research Professor of Sociology and director of the A.E. Havens Center for Social Justice at the University of Wisconsin-Madison
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Abstract

We analyze U.S. job growth from the 1980s to the 2010s. We define jobs as occupations within sectors to capture position in the production system as well as skill hierarchies. Low-wage jobs outgrew middle-wage jobs over much of this period, particularly for women and nonwhite workers. Service work drove most low-wage job growth, but even a small resurgence in manufacturing job growth in the 2010s was concentrated in low-wage jobs. Given the constraints of economic restructuring on the growth of decent jobs, we consider alternative logics for the creation of jobs in twenty-first-century economies. The prospects for job growth in the future, we argue, requires a robust defense of these alternative logics that can and do thrive alongside and within a capitalist market economy.

  • jobs
  • inequality
  • polarization
  • low-wage work
  • labor policy
  • © 2019 Russell Sage Foundation. Dwyer, Rachel E., and Erik Olin Wright. 2019. “Low-Wage Job Growth, Polarization, and the Limits and Opportunities of the Service Economy.” RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences 5(4): 56–76. DOI: 10.7758/RSF.2019.5.4.02. Acknowledgment from Rachel E. Dwyer: Erik Olin Wright passed away on January 23, 2019, only ten months after being diagnosed with an aggressive strain of acute myeloid leukemia. It was one of the great privileges of my life to learn from and collaborate with him. We conducted a long-running collaboration on job structure in the United States, for which I am deeply grateful now, most of all because of the time I was so lucky to share with him while working on it. This project was coming to fruition in several articles when the Russell Sage Foundation journal call came out. Erik was delighted by its inclusion in this issue, in particular because the issue was coedited by Arne Kalleberg, his comrade in research on economic inequality. To learn more about Erik’s extraordinary life and work, please see remembrances at: https://thelifeandworkoferikolinwright.wordpress.com/. Direct correspondence to: Rachel Dwyer at dwyer.46{at}osu.edu, 238 Townshend Hall, 1885 Neil Avenue Mall, Columbus, OH 43085.

Open Access Policy: RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences is an open access journal. This article is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.

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RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences: 5 (4)
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences
Vol. 5, Issue 4
1 Sep 2019
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Low-Wage Job Growth, Polarization, and the Limits and Opportunities of the Service Economy
Rachel E. Dwyer, Erik Olin Wright
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences Sep 2019, 5 (4) 56-76; DOI: 10.7758/RSF.2019.5.4.02

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Low-Wage Job Growth, Polarization, and the Limits and Opportunities of the Service Economy
Rachel E. Dwyer, Erik Olin Wright
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences Sep 2019, 5 (4) 56-76; DOI: 10.7758/RSF.2019.5.4.02
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • CHANGE IN THE AMERICAN JOBS STRUCTURE
    • RESEARCH QUESTIONS: LOW-WAGE JOB GROWTH IN THE 2000S
    • DATA AND METHODS
    • LOW-WAGE WORK AND TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE U.S. JOB STRUCTURE
    • CAN BAD JOBS BECOME GOOD JOBS?
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Keywords

  • jobs
  • inequality
  • polarization
  • low-wage work
  • labor policy

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