Skip to main content

Main menu

  • Foundation Website
  • Journal Home
  • Issues
    • Current Issue
    • All Issues
    • Future Issues
  • For Authors and Editors
    • Overview of RSF & How to Propose an Issue
    • RSF Style and Submission Guidelines
    • Article Submission Checklist
    • Permission Request
    • Terms of Contributor Agreement Form and Transfer of Copyright
    • RSF Contributor Agreement Form
    • Issue Editors' Agreement Form
  • About the Journal
    • Mission Statement
    • Editorial Board
    • Comments and Replies Policy
    • Journal Code of Ethics
    • Current Calls for Articles
    • Closed Calls for Articles
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Privacy Policy
    • Copyright and ISSN Information
    • Terms of Use
    • Contact Us
  • Publications
    • rsf

User menu

  • Log in

Search

  • Advanced search
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences
  • Publications
    • rsf
  • Log in
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences

Advanced Search

  • Foundation Website
  • Journal Home
  • Issues
    • Current Issue
    • All Issues
    • Future Issues
  • For Authors and Editors
    • Overview of RSF & How to Propose an Issue
    • RSF Style and Submission Guidelines
    • Article Submission Checklist
    • Permission Request
    • Terms of Contributor Agreement Form and Transfer of Copyright
    • RSF Contributor Agreement Form
    • Issue Editors' Agreement Form
  • About the Journal
    • Mission Statement
    • Editorial Board
    • Comments and Replies Policy
    • Journal Code of Ethics
    • Current Calls for Articles
    • Closed Calls for Articles
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Privacy Policy
    • Copyright and ISSN Information
    • Terms of Use
    • Contact Us
  • Follow rsf on Twitter
  • Visit rsf on Facebook
  • Follow rsf on Google Plus
Research Article
Open Access

Economic Inequality and the Geography of Activity Space Segregation: Combining Mobile Device Data and Census Data

Siwei Cheng, Yongjun Zhang, Jenna Shaw
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences January 2025, 11 (1) 132-152; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7758/RSF.2025.11.1.07
Siwei Cheng
aAssociate professor in the Department of Sociology at New York University, United States
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Siwei Cheng
Yongjun Zhang
bAssistant professor in the Department of Sociology and Institute for Advanced Computational Science at Stony Brook University, United States
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Jenna Shaw
cPhD student in the Department of Sociology at New York University, United States
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Jenna Shaw
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • Additional
  • References
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

REFERENCES

  1. ↵
    1. Abramson, Alan J.,
    2. Mitchell S. Tobin, and
    3. Matthew R. VanderGoot
    . 1995. “The Changing Geography of Metropolitan Opportunity: The Segregation of the Poor in US Metropolitan Areas, 1970 to 1990.” Housing Policy Debate 6(1): 45–72.
    OpenUrl
  2. ↵
    1. Anderson, Elijah
    . 2015. “The White Space.” Sociology of Race and Ethnicity 1(1): 10–21.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  3. ↵
    1. Athey, Susan,
    2. Billy A. Ferguson,
    3. Matthew Gentzkow, and
    4. Tobias Schmidt
    . 2021. “Estimating Experienced Racial Segregation in US Cities Using Large-Scale GPS Data.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118(46): e2026160118.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  4. ↵
    1. Bailey, Michael,
    2. Rachel Cao,
    3. Theresa Kuchler,
    4. Johannes Stroebel, and
    5. Arlene Wong
    . 2018. “Social Connectedness: Measurement, Determinants, and Effects.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 32(3): 259–80.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  5. ↵
    1. Bernelius, Venla, and
    2. Mari Vaattovaara
    . 2016. “Choice and Segregation in the ‘Most Egalitarian’ Schools: Cumulative Decline in Urban Schools and Neighbourhoods of Helsinki, Finland.” Urban Studies 53(15): 3155–71.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  6. ↵
    1. Blair, Sampson L., and
    2. Daniel T. Lichter
    . 1991. “Measuring the Division of Household Labor: Gender Segregation of Housework Among American Couples.” Journal of Family Issues 12(1): 91–113.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  7. ↵
    1. Bonaccorsi, Giovanni,
    2. Francesco Pierri,
    3. Matteo Cinelli,
    4. Andrea Flori,
    5. Alessandro Galeazzi,
    6. Francesco Porcelli,
    7. Ana Lucia Schmidt,
    8. Carlo Michele Valensise,
    9. Antonio Scala,
    10. Walter Quattrociocchi et al
    . 2020. “Economic and Social Consequences of Human Mobility Restrictions Under COVID-19.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117(27): 15530–535.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  8. ↵
    1. Boterman, Willem,
    2. Sako Musterd,
    3. Carolina Pacchi, and
    4. Costanzo Ranci
    . 2019. “School SegregaTion in Contemporary Cities: Socio-Spatial Dynamics, Institutional Context and Urban Outcomes.” Urban Studies 56(15): 3055–73.
    OpenUrl
  9. ↵
    1. Browning, Christopher R.,
    2. Catherine A. Calder,
    3. Bethany Boettner,
    4. Jake Tarrence,
    5. Kori Khan,
    6. Brian Soller, and
    7. Jodi L. Ford
    . 2021. “Neighborhoods, Activity Spaces, and the Span of Adolescent Exposures.” American Sociological Review 86(2): 201–33.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  10. ↵
    1. Browning, Christopher R., and
    2. Brian Soller
    . 2014. “Moving Beyond Neighborhood: Activity Spaces and Ecological Networks as Contexts for Youth Development.” Cityscape 16(1): 165.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  11. ↵
    1. Burgess, Simon,
    2. Deborah Wilson, and
    3. Ruth Lupton
    . 2005. “Parallel Lives? Ethnic Segregation in Schools and Neighbourhoods.” Urban Studies 42(7): 1027–56.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  12. ↵
    1. Cagney, Kathleen A.,
    2. Erin York Cornwell,
    3. Alyssa W. Goldman, and
    4. Liang Cai
    . 2020. “Urban Mobility and Activity Space.” Annual Review of Sociology 46(1): 623–48.
    OpenUrl
  13. ↵
    1. Candipan, Jennifer,
    2. Nolan Edward Phillips,
    3. Robert J. Sampson, and
    4. Mario Small
    . 2021. “From Residence to Movement: The Nature of Racial Segregation in Everyday Urban Mobility.” Urban Studies 58(15): 3095–117.
    OpenUrl
  14. ↵
    1. Cantor, Pamela,
    2. Monika Polakowska,
    3. Amanda Proietti,
    4. Victor Tran,
    5. Jonathan Lebire, and
    6. Laurence Roy
    . 2022. “Leisure Possibilities of Adults Experiencing Poverty: A Community-Based Participatory Study.” Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy 89(2): 103–14.
    OpenUrl
  15. ↵
    1. Chetty, Raj,
    2. Nathaniel Hendren,
    3. Patrick Kline, and
    4. Emmanuel Saez
    . 2014. “Where Is the Land of Opportunity? The Geography of Intergenerational Mobility in the United States.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 129(4): 1553–623.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  16. ↵
    1. Coston, Amanda,
    2. Neel Guha,
    3. Derek Ouyang,
    4. Lisa Lu,
    5. Alexandra Chouldechova, and
    6. Daniel E. Ho
    . 2021. “Leveraging Administrative Data for Bias Audits: Assessing Disparate Coverage with Mobility Data for COVID-19 Policy.” In FAccT ’21: Proceedings of the 2021 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, 173–84. New York: Association for Computing Machinery.
  17. ↵
    1. Echenique, Federico, and
    2. Roland G. Fryer Jr.
    . 2007. “A Measure of Segregation Based on Social Interactions.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 122(2): 441–85.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  18. ↵
    1. Edwards, Linsey Nicole
    . 2018. “Time and Efficacy: Neighborhoods, Temporal Constraints, and the Persistence of Poverty.” Ph.D diss., Princeton University.
  19. ↵
    1. Ellis, Mark,
    2. Richard Wright, and
    3. Virginia Parks
    . 2004. “Work Together, Live Apart? Geographies of Racial and Ethnic Segregation at Home and at Work.” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 94(3): 620–37.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  20. ↵
    1. Estlund, Cynthia
    . 2003. Working Together: How Workplace Bonds Strengthen a Diverse Democracy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  21. ↵
    1. Faber, Jacob W
    . 2020. “We Built This: Consequences of New Deal Era Intervention in America’s Racial Geography.” American Sociological Review 85(5): 739–75.
    OpenUrl
  22. ↵
    1. Florida, Richard, and
    2. Charlotta Mellander
    . 2018. “The Geography of Economic Segregation.” Social Sciences 7(8): 123.
    OpenUrl
  23. ↵
    1. Grannis, Rick
    . 2002. “Discussion: Segregation Indices and Their Functional Inputs.” Sociological Methodology 32(1): 69–84.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  24. ↵
    1. Hall, Matthew,
    2. John Iceland, and
    3. Youngmin Yi
    . 2019. “Racial Separation at Home and Work: Segregation in Residential and Workplace Settings.” Population Research and Policy Review 38(5): 671–94.
    OpenUrl
  25. ↵
    1. Hellerstein, Judith K., and
    2. David Neumark
    . 2008. “Workplace Segregation in the United States: Race, Ethnicity, and Skill.” Review of Economics and Statistics 90(3): 459–77.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  26. ↵
    1. Huffman, Matt L., and
    2. Philip N. Cohen
    . 2004. “Racial Wage Inequality: Job Segregation and Devaluation Across U.S. Labor Markets.” American Journal of Sociology 109(4): 902–36.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  27. ↵
    1. Jargowsky, Paul A., and
    2. Christopher A. Wheeler
    . 2017. “Economic Segregattill the Linion in US Metropolitan Areas, 1970–2010.” 21st Century Cities Initiative, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland. (November 2017). Accessed April 15, 2024. https://21cc.jhu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/economic-segregation-in-us-metropolitan-areas-1970-to-2010.pdf.
  28. ↵
    1. Järv, Olle,
    2. Anu Masso,
    3. Siiri Silm, and
    4. Rein Ahas
    . 2021. “The Link Between Ethnic Segregation and Socio-Economic Status: An Activity Space Approach.” Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie 112(3): 319–35.
    OpenUrl
  29. ↵
    1. Jones, Malia, and
    2. Anne R. Pebley
    . 2014. “Redefining Neighborhoods Using Common Destinations: Social Characteristics of Activity Spaces and Home Census Tracts Compared.” Demography 51(3): 727–52.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  30. ↵
    1. Kamenik, Kristiina,
    2. Tiit Tammaru, and
    3. Ott Toomet
    . 2014. “Ethnic Segmentation in Leisure Time Activities in Estonia.” Leisure Studies 34(5): 566–87.
    OpenUrl
  31. ↵
    1. Kang, Yuhao,
    2. Song Gao,
    3. Yunlei Liang,
    4. Mingxiao Li,
    5. Jinmeng Rao, and
    6. Jake Kruse
    . 2020. “Multi-scale Dynamic Human Mobility Flow Dataset in the US During the COVID-19 Epidemic.” Scientific Data 7(1):1–13.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  32. ↵
    1. Karonen, Esa, and
    2. Mikko Niemelä
    . 2022. “Necessity-Rich, Leisure-Poor: The Long-Term Relationship Between Income Cohorts and Consumption Through Age-Period-Cohort Analysis.” Journal of Family and Economic Issues 43(3): 599–620.
    OpenUrl
  33. ↵
    1. Krivo, Lauren J.,
    2. Heather M. Washington,
    3. Ruth D. Peterson,
    4. Christopher R. Browning,
    5. Catherine A. Calder, and
    6. Mei Po Kwan
    . 2013. “Social Isolation of Disadvantage and Advantage: The Reproduction of Inequality in Urban Space.” Social Forces 92(1): 141–64.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  34. ↵
    1. Li, Zhenlong,
    2. Huan Ning,
    3. Fengrui Jing, and
    4. M. Naser Lessani
    . 2023. “Understanding the Bias of Mobile Location Data Across Spatial Scales and Over Time: a Comprehensive Analysis of Safegraph Data in the United States.” PLoS One 19(1): e0294430. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0294430.
    OpenUrl
  35. ↵
    1. Logan, John R.,
    2. Andrew Foster,
    3. Hongwei Xu, and
    4. Wenquan Zhang
    . 2020. “Income Segregation: Up or Down, and for Whom?” Demography 57(5): 1951–74.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  36. ↵
    1. Logan, John R.,
    2. Brian J. Stults, and
    3. Reynolds Farley
    . 2004. “Segregation of Minorities in the Metropolis: Two Decades of Change.” Demography 41(1): 1–22.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  37. ↵
    1. Massey, Douglas S
    . 2012. “Reflections on the Dimensions of Segregation.” Social Forces 91(1): 39–43.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  38. ↵
    1. Massey, Douglas S
    . 2020. “Still the Linchpin: Segregation and Stratification in the USA.” Race and Social Problems 12(1): 1–12.
    OpenUrl
  39. ↵
    1. Massey, Douglas S., and
    2. Nancy A. Denton
    . 1988. “The Dimensions of Residential Segregation.” Social Forces 67(2): 281–315.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  40. ↵
    1. Mijs, Jonathan J. B., and
    2. Elizabeth L. Roe
    . 2021. “Is America Coming Apart? Socioeconomic Segregation in Neighborhoods, Schools, Workplaces, and Social Networks, 1970–2020.” Sociology Compass 15(6): e12884.
    OpenUrl
  41. ↵
    1. Moro, Esteban,
    2. Dan Calacci,
    3. Xiaowen Dong, and
    4. Alex Pentland
    . 2021. “Mobility Patterns Are Associated with Experienced Income Segregation in Large US Cities.” Nature Communications 12(1): 1–10.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  42. ↵
    1. Morrill, Richard L
    . 1991. “On the Measure of Geographic Segregation.” Geography Research Forum 11: 25–36.
    OpenUrl
  43. ↵
    1. Mulder, Clara H
    . 2013. “Family Dynamics and Housing: Conceptual Issues and Empirical Findings.” Demographic Research 29: 355–378.
    OpenUrl
  44. ↵
    1. Murphy, Alexandra K.,
    2. Karina McDonald-Lopez,
    3. Natasha Pilkauskas, and
    4. Alix Gould-Werth
    . 2022. “Transportation Insecurity in the United States: A Descriptive Portrait.” Socius 8: 23780231221121060.
  45. ↵
    1. Mutgan, Selcan, and
    2. Jonathan Mijs
    . 2023. “Income Inequality and Residential Segregation in ‘Egalitarian’ Sweden: Lessons from a Least Likely Case.” Sociological Science 10: 348–73.
    OpenUrl
  46. ↵
    1. Nilforoshan, Hamed,
    2. Wenli Looi,
    3. Emma Pierson,
    4. Blanca Villanueva,
    5. Nic Fishman,
    6. Yiling Chen,
    7. John Sholar,
    8. Beth Redbird,
    9. David Grusky, and
    10. Jure Leskovec
    . 2023. “Human Mobility Networks Reveal Increased Segregation in Large Cities.” Nature 624(7992): 586–92.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  47. ↵
    1. Owens, Ann
    . 2016. “Inequality in Children’s Contexts: Income Segregation of Households with and Without Children.” American Sociological Review 81(3): 549–74.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  48. ↵
    1. Owens, Ann,
    2. Sean F. Reardon, and
    3. Christopher Jencks
    . 2016. “Income Segregation Between Schools and School Districts.” American Educational Research Journal 53(4): 1159–97.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  49. ↵
    1. Petersen, Christina Bjørk,
    2. Maj Bekker-Jeppesen,
    3. Mette Aadahl, and
    4. Cathrine Juel Lau
    . 2021. “Participation in Recreational Activities Varies with Socioeconomic Position and Is Associated with Self-Rated Health and Well-Being.” Preventive Medicine Reports 24: 101610.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  50. ↵
    1. Quillian, Lincoln
    . 2012. “Segregation and Poverty Concentration: The Role of Three Segregations.” American Sociological Review 77(3): 354–79.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  51. ↵
    1. Reardon, Sean F., and
    2. Kendra Bischoff
    . 2011. “Income Inequality and Income Segregation.” American Journal of Sociology 116(4): 1092–53.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  52. ↵
    1. Reardon, Sean F.,
    2. Kendra Bischoff,
    3. Ann Owens, and
    4. Joseph B. Townsend
    . 2018. “Has Income Segregation Really Increased? Bias and Bias Correction in Sample-Based Segregation Estimates.” Demography 55(6): 2129–60.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  53. ↵
    1. Reardon, Sean F., and
    2. Glenn Firebaugh
    . 2002. “Measures of Multigroup Segregation.” Sociological Methodology 32(1): 33–67.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  54. ↵
    1. Reardon, Sean F.,
    2. Stephen A. Matthews,
    3. David O’Sullivan,
    4. Barrett A. Lee,
    5. Glenn Firebaugh,
    6. Chad R. Farrell, and
    7. Kendra Bischoff
    . 2008. “The Geographic Scale of Metropolitan Racial Segregation.” Demography 45(3): 489–514.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  55. ↵
    1. Reardon, Sean F., and
    2. David O’Sullivan
    . 2004. “Measures of Spatial Segregation.” Sociological Methodology 34(1): 121–62.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  56. ↵
    1. Ruggles, Steven,
    2. Sarah Flood,
    3. Matthew Sobek,
    4. Daniel Backman,
    5. Annie Chen,
    6. Grace Cooper,
    7. Stephanie Richards,
    8. Renae Rodgers, and
    9. Megan Schouweiler
    . 2024. “IPUMS USA: Version 15.0 [dataset].” Minneapolis, Minn.: IPUMS. https://doi.org/10.18128/D010.V15.0.
  57. ↵
    1. SafeGraph
    . 2023. “Accuracy Metrics.” Accessed February 2, 2024. https://docs.safegraph.com/docs/accuracy-metrics.
  58. ↵
    1. Sampson, Robert J., and
    2. Brian L. Levy
    . 2020. “Beyond Residential Segregation: Mobility-Based Connectedness and Rates of Violence in Large Cities.” Race and Social Problems 12(1): 77–86.
    OpenUrl
  59. ↵
    1. Scarpa, Simone
    . 2015. “The Impact of Income Inequality on Economic Residential Segregation: The Case of Malmö, 1991–2010.” Urban Studies 52(5): 906–22. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098014529347.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  60. ↵
    1. Schwanen, Tim, and
    2. Mei-Po Kwan
    . 2012. “Critical Space-Time Geographies.” Environment and Planning A 44(9): 2043–48.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  61. ↵
    1. Sharkey, Patrick
    . 2013. Stuck in Place: Urban Neighborhoods and the End of Progress Toward Racial Equality. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  62. ↵
    1. Sharkey, Patrick, and
    2. Jacob W. Faber
    . 2014. “Where, When, Why, and for Whom Do Residential Contexts Matter? Moving Away from the Dichotomous Understanding of Neighborhood Effects.” Annual Review of Sociology 40(1): 559–79.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  63. ↵
    1. Silm, Siiri, and
    2. Rein Ahas
    . 2014. “The Temporal Variation of Ethnic Segregation in a City: Evidence from a Mobile Phone Use Dataset.” Social Science Research 47: 30–43.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  64. ↵
    1. Smith, Jeffrey A.,
    2. Miller McPherson, and
    3. Lynn Smith-Lovin
    . 2014. “Social Distance in the United States: Sex, Race, Religion, Age, and Education Homophily among Confidants, 1985 to 2004.” American Sociological Review 79(3): 432–56.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  65. ↵
    1. Song, Chaoming,
    2. Zehui Qu,
    3. Nicholas Blumm, and
    4. Albert-László Barabási
    . 2010. “Limits of Predictability in Human Mobility.” Science 327(5968): 1018–21.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  66. ↵
    1. Tammaru, Tiit,
    2. Szymon Marcińczak,
    3. Raivo Aunap,
    4. Maarten van Ham, and
    5. Heleen Janssen
    . 2020. “Relationship Between Income Inequality and Residential Segregation of Socioeconomic Groups.” Regional Studies 54(4): 450–61.
    OpenUrl
  67. ↵
    1. Tammaru, Tiit,
    2. Szymon Marcińczak, and
    3. Kristiina Kukk
    . 2018. “Social Transformations, Housing and Socio-Economic Segregation in the Fast-Track Reform Countries.” In The Routledge International Handbook of European Social Transformations. New York: Routledge.
  68. ↵
    1. Tammaru, Tiit,
    2. Magnus Strömgren,
    3. Maarten van Ham, and
    4. Alexander M. Danzer
    . 2016. “Relations Between Residential and Workplace Segregation Among Newly Arrived Immigrant Men and Women.” Cities 59: 131–38.
    OpenUrl
  69. ↵
    1. Taylor, Paul, and
    2. Richard Fry
    . 2012. “The Rise of Residential Segregation by Income.” Washington, D.C.: Pew Research Center.
  70. ↵
    1. Theil, Henri, and
    2. Anthony J. Finizza
    . 1971. “A Note on the Measurement of Racial Integration of Schools by Means of Informational Concepts.” Journal of Mathematical Sociology 37: 351–64. https://doi.org/10.2307/2648047.
    OpenUrl
  71. ↵
    1. Toger, Marina,
    2. Umut Türk,
    3. John Östh,
    4. Karima Kourtit, and
    5. Peter Nijkamp
    . 2023. “Inequality in Leisure Mobility: An Analysis of Activity Space Segregation Spectra in the Stockholm Conurbation.” Journal of Transport Geography 111: 103638.
    OpenUrl
  72. ↵
    1. Trounstine, Jessica
    . 2018. Segregation by Design: Local Politics and Inequality in American Cities. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  73. ↵
    1. Wang, Donggen, and
    2. Fei Li
    . 2016. “Daily Activity Space and Exposure: A Comparative Study of Hong Kong’s Public and Private Housing Residents’ Segregation in Daily Life.” Cities 59: 148–55.
    OpenUrl
  74. ↵
    1. Wang, Donggen,
    2. Fei Li, and
    3. Yanwei Chai
    . 2012. “Activity Spaces and Sociospatial Segregation in Beijing.” Urban Geography 33(2): 256–77.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  75. ↵
    1. Wang, Qi,
    2. Nolan Edward Phillips,
    3. Mario L. Small, and
    4. Robert J. Sampson
    . 2018. “Urban Mobility and Neighborhood Isolation in America’s 50 Largest Cities.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115(30): 7735–40.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  76. ↵
    1. Watson, Tara
    . 2006. “Metropolitan Growth, Inequality, and Neighborhood Segregation by Income.” Brookings-Wharton Papers on Urban Affair. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution.
  77. ↵
    1. Watson, Tara
    . 2009. “Inequality and the Measurement of Residential Segregation by Income in American Neighborhoods.” Review of Income and Wealth 55(3): 820–44.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  78. ↵
    1. Wong, David W. S
    . 2002. “Spatial Measures of Segregation and GIS1.” Urban Geography 23(1): 85–92.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  79. ↵
    1. Wong, David W. S., and
    2. Shih-Lung Shaw
    . 2011. “Measuring Segregation: An Activity Space Approach.” Journal of Geographical Systems 13(2): 127–45.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  80. ↵
    1. Xiong, Chenfeng,
    2. Songhua Hu,
    3. Mofeng Yang,
    4. Weiyu Luo, and
    5. Lei Zhang
    . 2020. “Mobile Device Data Reveal the Dynamics in a Positive Relationship Between Human Mobility and COVID-19 Infections.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117(44): 27087–89.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  81. ↵
    1. Zenk, Shannon N.,
    2. Amy J. Schulz,
    3. Stephen A. Matthews,
    4. Angela Odoms-Young,
    5. JoEllen Wilbur,
    6. Lani Wegrzyn,
    7. Kevin Gibbs,
    8. Carol Braunschweig, and
    9. Carmen Stokes
    . 2011. “Activity Space Environment and Dietary and Physical Activity Behaviors: A Pilot Study.” Health & Place 17(5): 1150–61.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  82. ↵
    1. Zhang, Yongjun, and
    2. Siwei Cheng
    . 2024. “Mobility-Based Segregation.” Open Science Framework. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/2CKA4.
  83. ↵
    1. Zhang, Yongjun,
    2. Siwei Cheng,
    3. Zhi Li, and
    4. Wenhao Jiang
    . 2023. “Human Mobility Patterns Are Associated with Experienced Partisan Segregation in US Metropolitan Areas.” Scientific Reports 13(1): 9768.
    OpenUrlPubMed
PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences: 11 (1)
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences
Vol. 11, Issue 1
1 Jan 2025
  • Table of Contents
  • Table of Contents (PDF)
  • Cover (PDF)
  • Index by author
  • Front Matter (PDF)
Print
Download PDF
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Economic Inequality and the Geography of Activity Space Segregation: Combining Mobile Device Data and Census Data
(Your Name) has sent you a message from RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
16 + 4 =
Solve this simple math problem and enter the result. E.g. for 1+3, enter 4.
Citation Tools
Economic Inequality and the Geography of Activity Space Segregation: Combining Mobile Device Data and Census Data
Siwei Cheng, Yongjun Zhang, Jenna Shaw
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences Jan 2025, 11 (1) 132-152; DOI: 10.7758/RSF.2025.11.1.07

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
Economic Inequality and the Geography of Activity Space Segregation: Combining Mobile Device Data and Census Data
Siwei Cheng, Yongjun Zhang, Jenna Shaw
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences Jan 2025, 11 (1) 132-152; DOI: 10.7758/RSF.2025.11.1.07
del.icio.us logo Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • FROM RESIDENTIAL SEGREGATION TO ACTIVITY SPACE SEGREGATION
    • THE GEOGRAPHIC VARIATIONS OF ACTIVITY SPACE SEGREGATION
    • ECONOMIC INEQUALITY AND ACTIVITY SPACE SEGREGATION
    • RESEARCH QUESTIONS
    • GEOGRAPHIC VARIATIONS IN THE RELATIVE ISOLATION OF INCOME AND RACIAL GROUPS
    • ECONOMIC INEQUALITY AND ACTIVITY SPACE SEGREGATION
    • SENSITIVITY ANALYSES: POTENTIAL DEVIATIONS FROM KEY ASSUMPTIONS
    • DISCUSSION
    • METHODOLOGICAL APPENDIX
    • FOOTNOTES
    • REFERENCES
  • Figures & Data
  • Additional
  • Info & Metrics
  • References
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • No citing articles found.
  • Google Scholar

Similar Articles

Keywords

  • activity space
  • segregation
  • economic inequality
  • mobile device data
  • census data

© 2025 RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences

Powered by HighWire