Skip to main content

Main menu

  • Foundation Website
  • Journal Home
  • Issues
    • Current Issue
    • All Issues
    • Future Issues
  • For Authors and Editors
    • Overview of RSF
    • RSF Style and Submission Guidelines
    • Article Submission Checklist
    • Permission Request
    • Terms of Contributor Agreement Form and Transfer of Copyright
    • RSF Contributor Agreement Form
    • Issue Editors' Agreement Form
  • About the Journal
    • Mission Statement
    • Editorial Board
    • Comments and Replies Policy
    • Journal Code of Ethics
    • Current Calls for Articles
    • Closed Calls for Articles
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Privacy Policy
    • Copyright and ISSN Information
    • Terms of Use
    • Contact Us
  • Publications
    • rsf

User menu

  • Log in

Search

  • Advanced search
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences
  • Publications
    • rsf
  • Log in
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences

Advanced Search

  • Foundation Website
  • Journal Home
  • Issues
    • Current Issue
    • All Issues
    • Future Issues
  • For Authors and Editors
    • Overview of RSF
    • RSF Style and Submission Guidelines
    • Article Submission Checklist
    • Permission Request
    • Terms of Contributor Agreement Form and Transfer of Copyright
    • RSF Contributor Agreement Form
    • Issue Editors' Agreement Form
  • About the Journal
    • Mission Statement
    • Editorial Board
    • Comments and Replies Policy
    • Journal Code of Ethics
    • Current Calls for Articles
    • Closed Calls for Articles
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Privacy Policy
    • Copyright and ISSN Information
    • Terms of Use
    • Contact Us
  • Follow rsf on Twitter
  • Visit rsf on Facebook
  • Follow rsf on Google Plus
Research Article
Open Access

“I Used to Get WIC . . . But Then I Stopped”: How WIC Participants Perceive the Value and Burdens of Maintaining Benefits

Carolyn Barnes, Sarah Halpern-Meekin, Jill Hoiting
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences September 2023, 9 (5) 32-55; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7758/RSF.2023.9.5.02
Carolyn Barnes
aAssistant professor in the Sanford School of Public Policy at Duke University, United States
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Sarah Halpern-Meekin
bProfessor in the School of Human Ecology and the La Follette School of Public Affairs at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, United States
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Jill Hoiting
cPhD student in the Sandra Rosenbaum School of Social Work at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, United States
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • References
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

REFERENCES

  1. ↵
    1. Baekgaard, Martin,
    2. Kim Sass Mikkelsen,
    3. Jonas Krogh Madsen, and
    4. Julian Christensen
    . 2021. “Reducing Compliance Demands in Government Benefit Programs Improves the Psychological Well-Being of Target Group Members.” Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 31(4): 806–21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muab011.
    OpenUrl
  2. ↵
    1. Barnes, Carolyn
    . 2021. “‘It Takes a While to Get Used to’: The Costs of Redeeming Public Benefits.” Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 31(2): 295–310. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muaa042.
    OpenUrl
  3. ↵
    1. Barnes, Carolyn,
    2. Jamila Michener, and
    3. Emily Rains
    . 2023. “‘It’s Like Night and Day:’ How Bureaucratic Encounters Vary Across WIC, SNAP, and Medicaid.” Social Service Review. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/723365.
  4. ↵
    1. Barnes, Carolyn, and
    2. Sarah Petry
    . 2021. “‘It Was Actually Pretty Easy’: COVID-19 Compliance Cost Reductions in the WIC Program.” Public Administration Review 81(6): 1147–56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13423.
    OpenUrl
  5. ↵
    1. Barnes, Carolyn, and
    2. Virginia Riel
    . 2022. “‘I Don’t Know Nothing About That:’ How ‘Learning Costs’ Undermine COVID-Related Efforts to Make SNAP and WIC More Accessible.” Administration & Society 54(10). First published online: February 24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/00953997211073948.
  6. ↵
    1. Bell, Elizabeth,
    2. Ani Ter-Mkrtchyan,
    3. Wesley Wehde, and
    4. Kylie Smith
    . 2021. “Just or Unjust? How Ideological Beliefs Shape Street-Level Bureaucrats’ Perceptions of Administrative Burden.” Public Administration Review 81(4): 610–24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13311.
    OpenUrl
  7. ↵
    1. Bitler, Marianne P.,
    2. Hilary W. Hoynes, and
    3. John Iselin
    . 2020. “Cyclicality of the U.S. Safety Net: Evidence from the 2000s and Implications for the COVID-19 Crisis.” National Tax Journal 73(3): 759–80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17310/ntj.2020.3.06.
    OpenUrl
  8. ↵
    1. Bitler, Marianne P.,
    2. Hilary W. Hoynes, and
    3. Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach
    . 2020. “The Social Safety Net in the Wake of COVID-19.” NBER working paper no. w27796. Cambridge, Mass.: National Bureau of Economic Research. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3386/w27796.
  9. ↵
    1. Brodkin, Evelyn Z., and
    2. Malay Majmundar
    . 2010. “Administrative Exclusion: Organizations and the Hidden Costs of Welfare Claiming.” Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 20(4): 827–48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mup046.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  10. ↵
    1. Burden, Barry C.,
    2. David T. Canon,
    3. Kenneth R. Mayer, and
    4. Donald P. Moynihan
    . 2012. “The Effect of Administrative Burden on Bureaucratic Perception of Policies: Evidence from Election Administration.” Public Administration Review 72(5): 741–51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2012.02600.x.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  11. ↵
    1. Center on Budget and Policy Priorities
    . 2019. “Chart Book: SNAP Helps Struggling Families Put Food on the Table.” Washington, D.C: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. Accessed December 6, 2022. https://www.cbpp.org/sites/default/files/atoms/files/3-13-12fa-chartbook.pdf.
  12. ↵
    1. Christensen, Julian,
    2. Lene Aarøe,
    3. Martin Baekgaard,
    4. Pamela Herd, and
    5. Donald P. Moynihan
    . 2020. “Human Capital and Administrative Burden: The Role of Cognitive Resources in Citizen-State Interactions.” Public Administration Review 80(1): 127–36. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13134.
    OpenUrl
  13. ↵
    1. Currie, Janet, and
    2. Maya Rossin-Slater
    . 2020. “Does the WIC Program Promote Equality of Opportunity in Early Life?” In Confronting Inequality: How Policies and Practices Shape Children’s Opportunities, edited by Laura Tach, Rachel Dunifon, and Douglas L. Miller. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0000187-003.
  14. ↵
    1. DeLuca, Stefanie,
    2. Greg J. Duncan,
    3. Micere Keels, and
    4. Ruby Mendenhall
    . 2012. “The Notable and the Null: Using Mixed Methods to Understand the Diverse Impacts of Residential Mobility Programs.” In Neighbourhood Effects Research: New Perspectives, edited by Maarten van Ham, David Manley, Nick Bailey, Ludi Simpson, and Duncan Maclennan. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2309-2_9.
  15. ↵
    1. Domínguez, Silvia, and
    2. Celeste Watkins
    . 2003. “Creating Networks for Survival and Mobility: Social Capital Among African-American and Latin-American Low-Income Mothers.” Social Problems 50(1): 111–35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1525/sp.2003.50.1.111.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  16. ↵
    1. Döring, Matthias
    . 2021. “How-to Bureaucracy: A Concept of Citizens’ Administrative Literacy.” Administration & Society 53(8): 1155–77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399721995460.
    OpenUrl
  17. ↵
    1. Ganong, Peter,
    2. Fiona Greig,
    3. Pascal Noel,
    4. Daniel M. Sullivan, and
    5. Joseph Vavra
    . 2022. “Lessons Learned from Expanded Unemployment Insurance During COVID-19.” In Recession Remedies: Lessons Learned from the U.S. Economic Policy Response to COVID-19, edited by Wendy Edelberg, Louise Sheiner, and David Wessel. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press. Accessed December 6, 2022. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/RR-Complete-Volume.pdf.
  18. ↵
    1. Gassman-Pines, Anna,
    2. Elizabeth Oltmans Ananat, and
    3. John Fitz-Henley
    . 2020. “COVID-19 and Parent-Child Psychological Well-Being.” Pediatrics 146(4): e2020007294. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-007294.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  19. ↵
    1. Gray, Kelsey,
    2. Carole Trippe,
    3. Chrystine Tadler,
    4. Clay Perry,
    5. Paul Johnson, and
    6. David Betson
    . 2019. “National- and State-Level Estimates of WIC Eligibility and WIC Program Reach in 2017, Final Report: Volume I.” Nutrition Assistance Program Report Series. Washington, D.C.: Food and Nutrition Service, Office of Policy Support. Accessed December 6, 2022. https://thewichub.org/national-and-state-level-estimates-of-wic-eligibility-and-wic-program-reach-in-2017-final-report-volume-i/.
  20. ↵
    1. Gundersen, Craig
    . 2005. “A Dynamic Analysis of the Well-Being of WIC Recipients and Eligible Non-Recipients.” Children and Youth Services Review 27(1): 99–114. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2004.08.014.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  21. ↵
    1. Hall, Lauren, and
    2. Zoë Neuberger
    . 2021. “Eligible Low-Income Children Missing Out on Crucial WIC Benefits During Pandemic.” Washington, D.C.: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities. Accessed December 6, 2022. https://www.cbpp.org/sites/default/files/7-12-21fa.pdf.
  22. ↵
    1. Halmon, Valeesha
    . 2021. Ramsey County e-WIC and COVID-19 Related Changes. Telephone conversation.
  23. ↵
    1. Hanks, Andrew S.,
    2. Carolyn Gunther,
    3. Dean Lillard, and
    4. Robert L. Scharff
    . 2019. “From Paper to Plastic: Understanding the Impact of EWIC on WIC Recipient Behavior.” Food Policy 83(February): 83–91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2018.12.002.
    OpenUrl
  24. ↵
    1. Heinrich, Carolyn J
    . 2016. “The Bite of Administrative Burden: A Theoretical and Empirical Investigation.” Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 26(3): 403–20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muv034.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  25. ↵
    1. Heinrich, Carolyn J.,
    2. Sayil Camacho,
    3. Sarah Clark Henderson,
    4. Mónica Hernández, and
    5. Ela Joshi
    . 2021. “Consequences of Administrative Burden for Social Safety Nets That Support the Healthy Development of Children.” Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 41(1): 11–44. First published online: September 27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/pam.22324.
    OpenUrl
  26. ↵
    1. Henly, Julia R.,
    2. Sandra K. Danziger, and
    3. Shira Offer
    . 2005. “The Contribution of Social Support to the Material Well-Being of Low-Income Families.” Journal of Marriage and Family 67(1): 122–40. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-2445.2005.00010.x.
    OpenUrl
  27. ↵
    1. Herd, Pamela,
    2. Hilary Hoynes,
    3. Jamila Michener, and
    4. Donald Moynihan
    . 2023. “Introduction: Administrative Burden as a Mechanism of Inequality in Policy Implementation.” RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences 9(5): 1–30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7758/RSF.2023.9.5.01.
    OpenUrl
  28. ↵
    1. Herd, Pamela, and
    2. Donald P. Moynihan
    . 2018. Administrative Burden: Policymaking by Other Means. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
  29. ↵
    1. Isaacs, Sydeena,
    2. Lenka Shriver, and
    3. Lauren Paynter
    . 2021. “Characteristics, Perceptions, and Dietary Intakes of WIC Participants in Rural Appalachia.” Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition 17(4): 475–93. First published online: April 20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19320248.2021.1910096.
    OpenUrl
  30. ↵
    1. Jacknowitz, Alison, and
    2. Laura Tiehen
    . 2009. “Transitions into and out of the WIC Program: A Cause for Concern?” Social Service Review 83(2): 151–83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/600111.
    OpenUrl
  31. ↵
    1. Kahn, Robert L.,
    2. Daniel Katz, and
    3. Barbara Gutek
    . 1976. “Bureaucratic Encounters: An Evaluation of Government Services.” Journal of Applied Behavioral Science 12(2): 178–98. https://doi.org/10.1177/002188637601200203.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  32. ↵
    1. Kline, Nicole,
    2. Betsy Thorn,
    3. Denise Bellows,
    4. Kathy Wroblewska, and
    5. Elaine Wilcox-Cook
    . 2020. WIC Participant and Program Characteristics 2018. Alexandria, Va.: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service. Accessed December 6, 2022. https://fns-prod.azureedge.us/sites/default/files/resource-files/WICPC2018.pdf.
  33. ↵
    1. Leone, Lucia,
    2. Lindsey Haynes-Maslow,
    3. Christina Kasprzak,
    4. Samina Raja, and
    5. Leonard H. Epstein
    . 2021. “The WIC Shopping Experience: A Qualitative Study Examining Retail-Based Strategies to Increase WIC Retention and Redemption Rates.” Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition 17(4): 460–74. First published online: April 28, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1080/19320248.2021.1915906.
    OpenUrl
  34. ↵
    1. Li, Xuemei,
    2. Patrick W. McLaughlin,
    3. Tina L. Saitone, and
    4. Richard J. Sexton
    . 2021. “The Magnitude and Determinants of Partial Redemptions of Food Benefits in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC).” American Journal of Health Promotion 35(6): 775–83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0890117121992307.
    OpenUrl
  35. ↵
    1. Liu, Cindy H., and
    2. Heidi Liu
    . 2016. “Concerns and Structural Barriers Associated with WIC Participation Among WIC-Eligible Women.” Public Health Nursing 33(5): 395–402. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.12259.
    OpenUrl
  36. ↵
    1. Louisiana WIC
    . 2022. “Louisiana WIC Vendor Guide.” Louisiana Department of Health. Accessed December 6, 2022. https://ldh.la.gov/assets/oph/nutrition/WIC/Vendor/LAWICEBTVendorGuide.pdf.
  37. ↵
    1. Masood, Ayesha, and
    2. Muhammad Azfar Nisar
    . 2021. “Administrative Capital and Citizens’ Responses to Administrative Burden.” Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 31(1): 56–72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muaa031.
    OpenUrl
  38. ↵
    1. McElrone, Marissa,
    2. Meghan C. Zimmer, and
    3. Elizabeth T. Anderson Steeves
    . 2021. “A Qualitative Exploration of Predominantly White Non-Hispanic Tennessee WIC Participants’ Food Retail and WIC Clinic Experiences During COVID-19.” Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 121(8): 1454–62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2020.12.011.
    OpenUrl
  39. ↵
    1. McLaughlin, Patrick W., and
    2. Stephen Martinez
    . 2021. “Specialized Stores Serving Participants in Women, Infants, and Children Program Can Reduce Food Costs, Increase Food Store Access.” Amber Waves (USDA-ERS blog), March 1. Accessed December 6, 2022. https://www.ers.usda.gov/amber-waves/2021/march/specialized-stores-serving-participants-in-women-infants-and-children-program-can-reduce-food-costs-increase-food-store-access/.
  40. ↵
    1. Minnesota WIC
    . n.d. “WIC Training Module for New Grocery Store Owners and Managers.” Accessed November 23, 2022. https://www.health.state.mn.us/training/cfh/wic/vendor/modules/newstoremodule2/index.html.
  41. ↵
    1. Moffitt, Robert
    . 1983. “An Economic Model of Welfare Stigma.” American Economic Review 73(5): 1023–35.
    OpenUrl
  42. ↵
    1. Moreland, Amanda
    . 2020. “Timing of State and Territorial COVID-19 Stay-at-Home Orders and Changes in Population Movement — United States, March 1–May 31, 2020.” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 69(35): 1198–203. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6935a2.
    OpenUrl
  43. ↵
    1. Moynihan, Donald,
    2. Pamela Herd, and
    3. Hope Harvey
    . 2015. “Administrative Burden: Learning, Psychological, and Compliance Costs in Citizen-State Interactions.” Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 25(1): 43–69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muu009.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  44. ↵
    1. Nichols, Albert L, and
    2. Richard J. Zeckhauser
    . 1982. “Targeting Transfers Through Restrictions on Recipients.” American Economic Review 72(2): 372–77.
    OpenUrl
  45. ↵
    1. Niles, Meredith T.,
    2. Farryl Bertmann,
    3. Emily H. Belarmino,
    4. Thomas Wentworth,
    5. Erin Biehl, and
    6. Roni Neff
    . 2020. “The Early Food Insecurity Impacts of COVID-19.” Nutrients 12(7): 2096. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12072096.
    OpenUrl
  46. ↵
    1. Nisar, Muhammad A
    . 2018. “Children of a Lesser God: Administrative Burden and Social Equity in Citizen–State Interactions.” Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 28(1): 104–19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mux025.
    OpenUrl
  47. ↵
    1. Noble, Kimberly G.,
    2. Katherine Magnuson,
    3. Lisa A. Gennetian,
    4. Greg J. Duncan,
    5. Hirokazu Yoshikawa,
    6. Nathan A. Fox, and
    7. Sarah Halpern-Meekin
    . 2021. “Baby’s First Years: Design of a Randomized Controlled Trial of Poverty Reduction in the United States.” Pediatrics 148(4): 1–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2020-049702.
    OpenUrl
  48. ↵
    1. Oliveira, Victor
    . 2011. “Winner Takes (Almost) All: How WIC Affects the Infant Formula Market.” Amber Waves: The Economics of Food, Farming, Natural Resources, and Rural America 9(3): 48–54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.121014.
    OpenUrl
  49. ↵
    1. Oliveira, Victor,
    2. Elizabeth Racine,
    3. Jennifer Olmsted, and
    4. Linda M. Ghelfi
    . 2002. “The WIC Program: Background, Trends, and Issues.” Food Assistance and Nutrition research report no. 27. Washington: Food and Rural Economics Division, Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.
  50. ↵
    1. Panzera, Anthony D.,
    2. Carol A. Bryant,
    3. Fran Hawkins,
    4. Rhonda Goff,
    5. Ashley Napier,
    6. Tali Schneider,
    7. Russell S. Kirby, et al
    . 2017. “Mapping a WIC Mother’s Journey: A Preliminary Analysis.” Social Marketing Quarterly 23(2): 137–54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1524500417692526.
    OpenUrl
  51. ↵
    1. Reed, Chantell
    . 2021. New Orleans e-WIC and COVID-19 Related Changes. Telephone conversation.
  52. ↵
    1. Rosenberg, Terry J.,
    2. Julie K. Alperen, and
    3. Mary Ann Chiasson
    . 2003. “Why Do WIC Participants Fail to Pick Up Their Checks? An Urban Study in the Wake of Welfare Reform.” American Journal of Public Health 93(3): 477–81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.93.3.477.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  53. ↵
    1. Schanzenbach, Diane Whitmore, and
    2. Betsy Thorn
    . 2020. “Supporting Development through Child Nutrition.” The Future of Children 30(2): 115–42.
    OpenUrl
  54. ↵
    1. Schuck, Peter H., and
    2. Richard Zeckhauser
    . 2006. Targeting in Social Programs: Avoiding Bad Bets, Removing Bad Apples. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press.
  55. ↵
    1. Steimle, Samantha,
    2. Anna Gassman-Pines,
    3. Anna D. Johnson,
    4. Caitlin T. Hines, and
    5. Rebecca M. Ryan
    . 2021. “Understanding Patterns of Food Insecurity and Family Well-being amid the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Daily Surveys.” Child Development 92(5): e781–97. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.13659.
    OpenUrl
  56. ↵
    1. Tiehen, Laura, and
    2. Elizabeth Frazão
    . 2016. “Where Do WIC Participants Redeem Their Food Benefits? An Analysis of WIC Food Dollar Redemption Patterns by Store Type.” Economic Information Bulletin no. 152. Washington: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. Accessed December 6, 2022. https://www.ers.usda.gov/webdocs/publications/44073/57246_eib152.pdf.
  57. ↵
    1. Toossi, Saied,
    2. Jordan W. Jones, and
    3. Leslie Hodges
    . 2021. “The Food and Nutrition Assistance Landscape: Fiscal Year 2020 Annual Report.” Economic Information Bulletin no. 227. Washington: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. Accessed December 6, 2022. https://www.ers.usda.gov/webdocs/publications/101909/eib-227.pdf.
  58. ↵
    1. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)
    . 2020a. “The Employment Situation—December 2019.” News Release USDL-20-0010. Washington: U.S. Department of Labor. Accessed December 6, 2022. https://www.bls.gov/news.release/archives/empsit_01102020.pdf.
  59. ↵
    1. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)
    . 2020b. “The Employment Situation—April 2020.” News Release USDL-20-0815. Washington: U.S. Department of Labor. Accessed December 6, 2022. https://www.bls.gov/news.release/archives/empsit_05082020.pdf.
  60. ↵
    1. U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)
    . 2021. “National- and State-Level Estimates of WIC Eligibility and WIC Program Reach in 2018 with Updated Estimates for 2016 and 2017.” Washington: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service. Accessed December 6, 2022. https://www.fns.usda.gov/wic/national-and-state-level-estimates-wic-eligibility-and-wic-program-reach-2018-updated.
  61. ↵
    1. Vasan, Aditi,
    2. Chén C. Kenyon,
    3. Chris Feudtner,
    4. Alexander G. Fiks, and
    5. Atheendar S. Venkataramani
    . 2021. “Association of WIC Participation and Electronic Benefits Transfer Implementation.” JAMA Pediatrics 175(6): 609. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.6973.
    OpenUrl
  62. ↵
    1. Wilson, Jill
    . 2021. Hennepin County e-WIC and COVID-19 Related Changes. Telephone conversation.
  63. ↵
    1. Woelfel, Mary Lou,
    2. Rayane Abusabha,
    3. Robert Pruzek,
    4. Howard Stratton,
    5. Shu Guang Chen, and
    6. Lynn S. Edmunds
    . 2004. “Barriers to the Use of WIC Services.” Journal of the American Dietetic Association 104(5): 736–43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2004.02.028.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  64. ↵
    1. Wolfson, Julia A., and
    2. Cindy W. Leung
    . 2020. “Food Insecurity and COVID-19: Disparities in Early Effects for US Adults.” Nutrients 12(6): 1648. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061648.
    OpenUrl
  65. ↵
    1. Yang, Mi-Youn,
    2. Bomi Kim Hirsch,
    3. Kristen S. Slack, and
    4. Lawrence M. Berger
    . 2019. “Strategies for Packaging Income and Means-Tested Benefit Sources Among WIC Program Participants.” Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research 10(4): 459–75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/705730.
    OpenUrl
PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences: 9 (5)
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences
Vol. 9, Issue 5
1 Sep 2023
  • Table of Contents
  • Table of Contents (PDF)
  • Cover (PDF)
  • Index by author
  • Front Matter (PDF)
Print
Download PDF
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
“I Used to Get WIC . . . But Then I Stopped”: How WIC Participants Perceive the Value and Burdens of Maintaining Benefits
(Your Name) has sent you a message from RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
4 + 4 =
Solve this simple math problem and enter the result. E.g. for 1+3, enter 4.
Citation Tools
“I Used to Get WIC . . . But Then I Stopped”: How WIC Participants Perceive the Value and Burdens of Maintaining Benefits
Carolyn Barnes, Sarah Halpern-Meekin, Jill Hoiting
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences Sep 2023, 9 (5) 32-55; DOI: 10.7758/RSF.2023.9.5.02

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
“I Used to Get WIC . . . But Then I Stopped”: How WIC Participants Perceive the Value and Burdens of Maintaining Benefits
Carolyn Barnes, Sarah Halpern-Meekin, Jill Hoiting
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences Sep 2023, 9 (5) 32-55; DOI: 10.7758/RSF.2023.9.5.02
del.icio.us logo Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • LITERATURE REVIEW
    • CONTEXT
    • BABY’S FIRST YEARS
    • CURRENT STUDY
    • METHODS
    • DATA
    • EXTERNAL FACTORS: LOCATION, EWIC, AND COVID-19
    • ANALYSIS
    • RESULTS
    • HIGH BENEFIT
    • LOW BENEFIT
    • HIGH COST
    • LOW COST
    • CONTINUED PARTICIPATION
    • NO PARTICIPATION
    • CEASED PARTICIPATION
    • BEGAN PARTICIPATION
    • VARIATION BY SITE AND OTHER RESOURCES
    • DISCUSSION
    • FOOTNOTES
    • REFERENCES
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • References
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • No citing articles found.
  • Google Scholar

Similar Articles

Keywords

  • nutrition assistance
  • administrative burden
  • social policy
  • poverty
  • inequality

© 2025 RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences

Powered by HighWire