Prohibited Possessors and the Law: How Inmates in Los Angeles Jails Understand Firearm and Ammunition Regulations

REFERENCES

1. ↵
   Abbott, Andrew D. 2004. Methods of Discovery: Heuristics for the Social Sciences. New York: W. W. Norton & Co.
2. ↵
   1. Apel, Robert

   . 2013. “Sanctions, Perceptions, and Crime: Implications for Criminal Deterrence.” Journal of Quantitative Criminology 29(1): 67–101.

   OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
3. ↵
   Austin, James, Wendy Naro-Ware, Roger Ocker, Robert Harris, and Robin Allen. 2012. Evaluation of the Current and Future Los Angeles County Jail Population. Denver, Colo.: The JFA Institute.
4. ↵
   1. Barragan, Melissa,
   2. Nicole Sherman, ,
   3. Keramet Reiter, , and
   4. George E. Tita

   . 2016. “‘Damned if You Do, Damned if You Don’t’: Perceptions of Guns, Safety, and Legitimacy Among Detained Gun Offenders.” Criminal Justice and Behavior 43(1): 140–55.

   OpenUrlCrossRef
5. ↵
   1. Braga, Anthony A.,
   2. David M. Kennedy, ,
   3. Elin J. Waring, , and
   4. Anne Morrison Piehl

   . 2001. “Problem-Oriented Policing, Deterrence, and Youth Violence: An Evaluation of Boston’s Operation Ceasefire.” Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 38(3): 195–225.

   OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
6. ↵
   1. Braga, Anthony A., and
   2. David L. Weisburd

   . 2012. “The Effects of Focused Deterrence Strategies on Crime: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Empirical Evidence.” Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 49(3): 323–58.

   OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
7. ↵
   Charmaz, Kathy. 2008. “Reconstructing Grounded Theory.” In The SAGE Handbook of Social Research Methods, edited by Pertti Alasuutari, Leonard Bickman, and Julia Brannen. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications.
8. ↵
   Chesnut, Kelsie Y., Melissa Barragan, Jason Gravel, Natalie Pifer, Nicole Sherman, Keramet Reiter, and George E. Tita. 2016. “Not an ‘Iron Pipeline,’ but Many Capillaries: Regulating Passive Transactions in Los Angeles’ Secondary, Illegal Gun Market.” Injury Prevention. Published online October 6, 2106. DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2016-042088.
9. ↵
   1. Cook, Philip J

   . 1980. “Research in Criminal Deterrence: Laying the Groundwork for the Second Decade.” Crime and Justice 2: 211–68.

   OpenUrlCrossRef
10. ↵
    1. Cook, Philip J.,
    2. Susan T. Parker, , and
    3. Harold A. Pollack

    . 2015. “Sources of Guns to Dangerous People: What We Learn by Asking Them.” Preventive Medicine 79: 28–36.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
11. ↵
    Gibbs, Jack P. 1975. Crime, Punishment, and Deterrence. New York: Elsevier.
12. ↵
    1. Gravel, Jason, and
    2. George E. Tita

    . 2015. “With Great Methods Come Great Responsibilities: Social Network Analysis in the Implementation and Evaluation of Gang Programs.” Criminology & Public Policy 14(3): 559–72.

    OpenUrl
13. ↵
    Gustafson, Karen S. 2011. Cheating Welfare: Public Assistance and the Criminalization of Poverty. New York: NYU Press.
14. 1. Jacobs, James B., and
    2. Zoe A. Fuhr

    . 2016. “Universal Background Checking—New York’s SAFE Act.” Albany Law Review 79(4): 101–28.

    OpenUrl
15. ↵
    1. Kennedy, David M

    . 1996. “Pulling Levers: Chronic Offenders, High-Crime Settings, and a Theory of Prevention.” Valparaiso University Law Review 31: 449–84.

    OpenUrl
16. ↵
    Kennedy, David M. 2009. Deterrence and Crime Prevention: Reconsidering the Prospect of Sanction. New York: Routledge.
17. ↵
    Kennedy, David M., Anthony A. Braga, and Anne M. Piehl. 2001. “Reducing Gun Violence: The Boston Gun Project’s Operation Ceasefire.” NCJ 188741. Washington: U.S. Department of Justice.
18. ↵
    Kidwell, Kaye D. and Paul A. Gottlober. 1999. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families: Improving the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Client Sanctions. Washington: Office of Inspector General, Department of Health and Human Services.
19. ↵
    Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence. 2013. “2013 State Scorecard: Why Gun Laws Matter.” San Francisco: Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence.
20. ↵
    Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence. 2015. “2015 Gun Law State Scorecard.” San Francisco: Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence.
21. ↵
    1. Nagin, Daniel S

    . 1998. “Criminal Deterrence Research at the Outset of the Twenty-First Century.” Crime and Justice 23(1): 1–42.

    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
22. ↵
    1. Papachristos, Andrew V.,
    2. Anthony A Braga, , and
    3. David Hureau

    . 2012. “Social Networks and the Risk of Gunshot Injury.” Journal of Urban Health 89(6): 992–1003.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
23. ↵
    1. Papachristos, Andrew V., and
    2. David S. Kirk

    . 2015. “Changing the Street Dynamic: Evaluating Chicago’s Group Violence Reduction Strategy.” Criminology & Public Policy 14(3): 525–58.

    OpenUrlCrossRef
24. ↵
    1. Papachristos, Andrew V.,
    2. Tracey L. Meares, , and
    3. Jeffrey Fagan

    . 2007. “Attention Felons: Evaluating Project Safe Neighborhoods in Chicago.” Journal of Empirical Legal Studies 4(2): 223–72.

    OpenUrlCrossRef
25. 1. Papachristos, Andrew V., and
    2. Christopher Wildeman

    . 2014. ”Network Exposure and Homicide Victimization in an African American Community.” American Journal of Public Health 104(1): 143–50.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
26. ↵
    1. Paternoster, Raymond

    . 1987. “The Deterrent Effect of the Perceived Certainty and Severity of Punishment: A Review of the Evidence and Issues.” Justice Quarterly 4(2): 173–217.

    OpenUrl
27. ↵
    1. Pierce, Glenn L.,
    2. Anthony A. Braga, , and
    3. Garen J. Wintemute

    . 2015. “Impact of California Firearms Sales Laws and Dealer Regulations on the Illegal Diversion of Guns.” Injury Prevention 21(3): 179–84.

    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
28. ↵
    1. Stafford, Mark C., and
    2. Mark Warr

    . 1993. “A Reconceptualization of General and Specific Deterrence.” Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 30(2): 123–35.

    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
29. ↵
    Strauss, Anselm, and Juliet Corbin. 1990. Basics of Qualitative Research. Newbury Park, Calif.: Sage Publications.
30. ↵
    1. Tita, George E.,
    2. Anthony A. Braga, ,
    3. Greg Ridgeway, , and
    4. Glenn L. Pierce

    . 2006. “The Criminal Purchase of Firearm Ammunition.” Injury Prevention 12(5): 308–11.

    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
31. ↵
    Tita, George E., K. Jack Riley, Greg Ridgeway, Clifford A. Grammich, and Allan Abrahamse. 2004. Reducing Gun Violence: Results From an Intervention in East Los Angeles. Santa Monica, Calif.: Rand Corporation.
32. Tittle, Charles R. 1980. Sanctions and Social Deviance: The Question of Deterrence. New York: Praeger.
33. ↵
    1. Waldo, Gordon P., and
    2. Theodore G. Chiricos

    . 1972. “Perceived Penal Sanction and Self-Reported Criminality: A Neglected Approach to Deterrence Research.” Social Problems 19(4): 522–40.

    OpenUrlCrossRef
34. ↵
    1. Wallace, Danielle,
    2. Andrew V. Papachristos, ,
    3. Tracey Meares, , and
    4. Jeffrey Fagan

    . 2016. “Desistance and Legitimacy: The Impact of Offender Notification Meetings on High-Risk Offenders.” Justice Quarterly 33(7): 1237–64.

    OpenUrl
35. ↵
    Wintemute, Garen J. 2013. “Broadening Denial Criteria for the Purchase and Possession of Firearms: Need, Feasibility, and Effectiveness.” In Reducing Gun Violence in America: Informing Policy with Evidence and Analysis, edited by Daniel W. Webster and Jon S. Vernick. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press.
36. ↵
    1. Wintemute, Garen J.,
    2. Christiana M. Drake,
    3. James J. Beaumont,
    4. Mona A. Wright, , and
    5. Carrie A. Parham

    . 1998. “Prior Misdemeanor Convictions as a Risk Factor for Later Violent and Firearm-Related Criminal Activity Among Authorized Purchasers of Handguns.” Journal of the American Medical Association 280(24): 2083–87.

    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
37. ↵
    Zimring, Franklin E., and Gordon Hawkins. 1973. Deterrence: The Legal Threat in Crime Control. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.