Skip to main content

Main menu

  • Foundation Website
  • Journal Home
  • Issues
    • Current Issue
    • All Issues
    • Future Issues
  • For Authors and Editors
    • Overview of RSF & How to Propose an Issue
    • RSF Style and Submission Guidelines
    • Article Submission Checklist
    • Permission Request
    • Terms of Contributor Agreement Form and Transfer of Copyright
    • RSF Contributor Agreement Form
    • Issue Editors' Agreement Form
  • About the Journal
    • Mission Statement
    • Editorial Board
    • Comments and Replies Policy
    • Journal Code of Ethics
    • Current Calls for Articles
    • Closed Calls for Articles
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Privacy Policy
    • Copyright and ISSN Information
    • Terms of Use
    • Contact Us
  • Publications
    • rsf

User menu

  • Log in

Search

  • Advanced search
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences
  • Publications
    • rsf
  • Log in
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences

Advanced Search

  • Foundation Website
  • Journal Home
  • Issues
    • Current Issue
    • All Issues
    • Future Issues
  • For Authors and Editors
    • Overview of RSF & How to Propose an Issue
    • RSF Style and Submission Guidelines
    • Article Submission Checklist
    • Permission Request
    • Terms of Contributor Agreement Form and Transfer of Copyright
    • RSF Contributor Agreement Form
    • Issue Editors' Agreement Form
  • About the Journal
    • Mission Statement
    • Editorial Board
    • Comments and Replies Policy
    • Journal Code of Ethics
    • Current Calls for Articles
    • Closed Calls for Articles
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Privacy Policy
    • Copyright and ISSN Information
    • Terms of Use
    • Contact Us
  • Follow rsf on Twitter
  • Visit rsf on Facebook
  • Follow rsf on Google Plus
Research ArticleIV. The Prison as Poverty Institution
Open Access

Severe Deprivation and System Inclusion Among Children of Incarcerated Parents in the United States After the Great Recession

Bryan L. Sykes, Becky Pettit
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences November 2015, 1 (2) 108-132; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7758/RSF.2015.1.2.06
Bryan L. Sykes
aAssistant professor, 3317 Social Ecology II, Criminology, Law and Society, University of California, Irvine
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Becky Pettit
bProfessor of sociology, Department of Sociology, The University of Texas at Austin
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • References
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

REFERENCES

  1. ↵
    Alexander, Michelle. 2010. The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness. New York: New Press.
  2. ↵
    1. Andersen, Signe H., and
    2. Christopher Wildeman
    . 2014. “The Effect of Paternal Incarceration on Children’s Risk of Foster Care Placement.” Social Forces 93(1): 1–30. doi:10.1093/sf/sou027.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  3. ↵
    Beckett, Katherine, and Steve Herbert. 2009. Banished: The New Social Control in Urban America. New York: Oxford University Press.
  4. ↵
    1. Beckett, Katherine, and
    2. Bruce Western
    . 2001. “Governing Social Marginality: Welfare, Incarceration, and the Transformation of State Policy.” Punishment and Society 3(1): 43–59.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  5. ↵
    Beitsch, Rebecca. 2015. “States Rethink Restrictions on Food Stamps, Welfare for Drug Felons.” The Pew Charitable Trusts. Accessed August 5, 2015. Available at: http://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/blogs/stateline/2015/07/30/states-rethink-restrictions-on-food-stamps-welfare-for-drug-felons (accessed October 1, 2015).
  6. ↵
    1. Brayne, Sarah
    . 2014. “Surveillance and System Avoidance: Criminal Justice Contact and Institutional Attachment.” American Sociological Review 79(3): 367–91.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
    1. Burgard, Sarah,
    2. Kristin Seefeldt, and
    3. Sarah Zelner
    . 2012. “Housing Instability and Health: Findings from the Michigan Recession and Recovery Study.” Social Science and Medicine 75: 2215–24.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  7. Carmines, Edward, and Richard Zeller. 1979. Reliability and Validity Assessment. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications.
  8. ↵
    CBS News. 2015. “GOP Cuts Medicare, Food Stamps in New Budget Blueprint.” March 16. Available at: http://www.cbsnews.com/news/gop-cuts-medicare-food-stamps-in-new-budget-blueprint/ (accessed October 1, 2015).
  9. ↵
    1. Cho, Rosa Minhyo
    . 2009a. “The Impact of Maternal Imprisonment on Children’s Educational Achievement: Results from Children in Chicago Public Schools.” Journal of Human Resources 44(3): 772–97.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  10. ↵
    1. Cho, Rosa Minhyo
    . 2009b. “Impact of Maternal Imprisonment on Children’s Probability of Grade Retention.” Journal of Urban Economics 65(1): 11–23.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  11. ↵
    1. Cho, Rosa Minhyo
    . 2010. “Maternal Incarceration and Children’s Adolescent Outcomes: Timing and Dosage.” Social Service Review 48(2): 257–82.
    OpenUrl
  12. ↵
    1. Cho, Rosa Minhyo
    . 2011. “Understanding the Mechanism Behind Maternal Imprisonment and Adolescent School Dropout.” Family Relations 60(3): 272–89.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  13. ↵
    Clear, Todd. 2009. Imprisoning Communities: How Mass Incarceration Makes Disadvantaged Neighborhoods Worse. New York: Oxford University Press.
  14. ↵
    Cloward, Richard, and Lloyd Ohlin. 1960. Delinquency and Opportunity: A Theory of Delinquent Gangs. New York: Free Press.
  15. ↵
    Cox, Robynn, and Sally Wallace. 2013. “The Impact of Incarceration on Food Insecurity Among Households with Children” Fragile Families Working Paper 13-05-FF. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University.
  16. ↵
    Danziger, Sheldon, and Christopher Wimer. 2014. “Poverty.” In State of the Union: The Poverty and Inequality Report, edited by Charles Varner, Marybeth Mattingly, Michelle Poulin, and David Grusky. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford Center on Poverty and Inequality.
  17. ↵
    DeNavas-Walt, Carmen, and Bernadette D. Proctor. 2014. “Income and Poverty in the United States: 2013.” Current Population Reports P60-249. Washington: U.S. Census Bureau (September). Available at: https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2014/demo/p60-249.pdf (accessed October 1, 2015).
  18. ↵
    Eddy, J. Mark, and Julie Poehlmann, eds. 2010. Children of Incarcerated Parents: A Handbook for Researchers and Practitioners. Washington, D.C.: Urban Institute Press.
  19. ↵
    Edin, Kathryn, and Maria Kefelas. 2005. Promises I Can Keep: Why Poor Women Put Motherhood Before Marriage. Berkeley: University of California Press.
    1. Ewert, Stephanie,
    2. Bryan Sykes, and
    3. Becky Pettit
    . 2014. “The Degree of Disadvantage: Incarceration and Racial Inequality in Education.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 651: 24–43.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  20. ↵
    1. Foster, Holly, and
    2. John Hagan
    . 2007. “Incarceration and Intergenerational Social Exclusion.” Social Problems 54(4): 399–433.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  21. ↵
    1. Foster, Holly, and
    2. John Hagan
    . 2009. “The Mass Incarceration of Parents in America: Issues of Race/Ethnicity, Collateral Damage to Children, and Prisoner Reentry.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 623: 179–94.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  22. Foucault, Michel. 1977. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. New York: Vintage Books.
  23. ↵
    Fox, Liana, Christopher Wimer, Irwin Garfinkel, Neeraj Kaushal, JaeHyun Nam, and Jane Waldfogel. “Trends in Deep Poverty from 1968 to 2011: The Influence of Family Structure, Employment Patterns, and the Safety Net.” RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences 1(1): 14–34.
  24. ↵
    1. Freudenberg, Nicholas
    . 2001. “Jails, Prisons, and the Health of Urban Populations: A Review of the Impact of the Correctional System on Community Health.” Journal of Urban Health 78(2): 214–35.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  25. ↵
    1. Furstenberg, Frank
    . 2014. “Fifty Years of Family Change: From Consensus to Complexity.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 654: 12–30.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  26. ↵
    Garland, David. 1985. Punishment and Welfare: A History of Penal Stategies. Brookfield, Vt.: Gower Publishing.
  27. ↵
    Garland, David. 2001a. “The Meaning of Mass Imprisonment.” In Mass Imprisonment: Social Causes and Consequences, edited by David Garland. London: Sage Publications.
  28. ↵
    Garland, David. 2001b. The Culture of Control: Crime and Social Order in Contemporary Society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  29. ↵
    Geller, Amanda, Carey E. Cooper, Irwin Garfinkel, Ofira Schwartz-Soicher, and Ronald B. Mincy. 2012. “Beyond Absenteeism: Father Incarceration and Child Development.” Demography 49(1): 49–76.
  30. ↵
    Geller, Amanda, Irwin Garfinkel, Carey E. Cooper, and Ronald B. Mincy. 2009. “Parental Incarceration and Child Well-Being: Implications for Urban Families.” Social Science Quarterly 90(5): 1186–1202.
    1. Geller, Amanda,
    2. Irwin Garfinkel, and
    3. Bruce Western
    . 2011. “Paternal Incarceration and Support for Children in Fragile Families.” Demography 48(1): 25–47.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  31. ↵
    Glaze, Lauren E., and Erinn J. Herberman. 2013. “Correctional Populations in the United States, 2012.” Washington: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics (December 19). Available at: http://www.bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=4843 (accessed October 1, 2015).
  32. ↵
    Glaze, Lauren E., and Laura M. Maruschak. 2010. “Parents in Prison and Their Minor Children.” Special Report NCJ 222984. Washington: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics (August). Available at: http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/pptmc.pdf (accessed October 1, 2015).
  33. ↵
    Goffman, Alice. 2014. On the Run: Fugitive Life in an American City. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  34. Gustafson, Kaaryn. 2011. Cheating Welfare: Public Assistance and the Criminalization of Poverty. New York: New York University Press.
  35. ↵
    1. Guzzo, Karen
    . 2014. “New Partners, More Kids: Multiple-Partner Fertility in the United States.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 654: 66–86.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  36. ↵
    1. Hagan, John, and
    2. Holly Foster
    . 2003. “S/He’s a Rebel: Toward a Sequential Stress Theory of Delinquency and Gendered Pathways to Disadvantage in Emerging Adulthood.” Social Forces 82: 53–86.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  37. ↵
    1. Hagan, John, and
    2. Holly Foster
    . 2012. “Intergenerational Educational Effects of Mass Imprisonment in America.” Sociology of Education 85(3): 259–86.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  38. ↵
    1. Hagan, John, and
    2. Ronit Dinovitzer
    . 1999. “Collateral Consequences of Imprisonment for Children, Communities, and Prisoners.” Crime and Justice: A Review of Research 26: 121–62.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
    1. Harris, Alexes,
    2. Heather Evans, and
    3. Katherine Beckett
    . 2010. “Drawing Blood from Stones: Legal Debt and Social Inequality in the Contemporary United States.” American Journal of Sociology 115: 1753–99.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  39. ↵
    Johnson, Rucker. 2009. “Ever-Increasing Levels of Parental Incarceration and the Consequences for Children.” In Do Prisons Make Us Safer? The Benefits and Costs of the Prison Boom, edited by Steven Raphael and Michael Stoll. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
  40. ↵
    1. Johnson, Rucker, and
    2. Steven Raphael
    . 2009. “The Effect of Male Incarceration Dynamics on AIDS Infection Rates Among African-American Women and Men.” Journal of Law and Economics 52(2): 251–93.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
    1. King, Ryan, and
    2. Darren Wheelock
    . 2007. “Group Threat and Social Control: Race Perceptions of Minorities and the Desire to Punish.” Social Forces 85(3): 1255–80.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
    1. Lanskey, Caroline,
    2. Friedrich Lösel,
    3. Lucy Markson, and
    4. Karen Souza
    . 2014. “Re-framing the Analysis: A 3-Dimensional Perspective of Prisoners’ Children’s Well-Being.” Children and Society, 1–11. doi:10.1111/chso.12088.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  41. ↵
    Long, J. Scott. 1997. Regression Models for Categorical and Limited Dependent Variables. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications.
  42. ↵
    1. Lopoo, Leonard, and
    2. Bruce Western
    . 2005. “Incarceration and the Formation and Stability of Marital Unions.” Journal of Marriage and the Family 67: 721–34.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
    1. Manning, Wendy,
    2. Susan Brown, and
    3. J. Bart Stykes
    . 2014. “Family Complexity Among Children in the U.S.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 654: 48–65.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  43. ↵
    1. Massey, Douglas
    . 1996. “The Age of Extremes: Concentrated Affluence and Poverty in the Twenty-First Century.” Demography 33: 395–412.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
    1. Massey, Douglas,
    2. Gretchen Condran, and
    3. Nancy Denton
    . 1987. “The Effect of Residential Segregation on Black Social and Economic Well-Being.” Social Forces 66: 29–56.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  44. ↵
    Massey, Douglas, and Nancy Denton. 1993. American Apartheid: Segregation and the Making of the Underclass. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
    1. Massoglia Michael,
    2. Brianna Remster, and
    3. Ryan King
    . 2011. “Stigma or Separation? Understanding the Incarceration-Divorce Relationship.” Social Forces 90(1): 133–55.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  45. ↵
    1. Merton, Robert
    . 1938. “Social Structure and Anomie.” American Sociological Review 3: 672–82.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  46. ↵
    Mumola, Christopher J. 2000. “Bureau of Justice Statistics Bulletin: Incarcerated Parents and Their Children.” Special Report NCJ 182335. Washington: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics (August). Available at: http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/iptc.pdf (accessed October 1, 2015).
    1. Murray Joseph,
    2. Rolf Loeber, and
    3. Dustin Pardini
    . 2012. “Parental Involvement in the Criminal Justice System and the Development of Youth Theft, Marijuana Use, Depression, and Poor Academic Performance.” Criminology 50(1): 255–302.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  47. ↵
    1. Pager, Devah
    . 2003. “The Mark of a Criminal Record.” American Journal of Sociology 108: 937–75.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  48. ↵
    1. Pager, Devah, and
    2. Lincoln Quillian
    . 2005. “Walking the Talk: What Employers Do Versus What They Say.” American Sociological Review 70: 355–80.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  49. ↵
    1. Patillo, Mary
    . 1998. “Sweet Mothers and Gangbangers: Managing Crime in a Black Middle-Class Neighborhood.” Social Forces 76: 747–74.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
    1. Peterson, Ruth D.,
    2. Lauren J. Krivo, and
    3. Mark A. Harris
    . 2000. “Disadvantage and Neighborhood Violent Crime: Do Local Institutions Matter?” Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 37(1): 31–63.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  50. ↵
    Pettit, Becky. 2012. Invisible Men: Mass Incarceration and the Myth of Black Progress. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
  51. ↵
    1. Pettit, Becky, and
    2. Bryan Sykes
    . 2015. “Civil Rights Legislation and Legalized Exclusion: Mass Incarceration and the Masking of Inequality.” Sociological Forum 30(S1): 589–611.
    OpenUrl
  52. ↵
    Pettit, Becky, Bryan Sykes, and Bruce Western. 2009. “Technical Report on Revised Population Estimates and NLSY 79 Analysis Tables for the Pew Public Safety and Mobility Project.” Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University.
  53. ↵
    1. Pettit, Becky, and
    2. Bruce Western
    . 2004. “Mass Imprisonment and the Life Course: Race and Class Inequality in U.S. Incarceration.” American Sociological Review 69: 151–69.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  54. Pew Research Center. 2015. “Most Say Government Policies Since Recession Have Done Little to Help Middle Class, Poor.” March 4. Available at: http://www.people-press.org/files/2015/03/03-04-15-Economy-release.pdf (accessed October 1, 2015).
  55. ↵
    Powers, Daniel, and Yu Xie. 2000. Statistical Methods for Categorical Data Analysis. San Diego: Academic Press.
  56. ↵
    Resnikoff, Ned. 2014. “Congress Passes $8.7 Billion Food Stamp Cut.” MSNBC, February 4. Available at: http://www.msnbc.com/msnbc/congress-passes-farm-bill-food-stamp-cuts (accessed October 1, 2015).
    1. Rosenbaum, Paul, and
    2. Donald Rubin
    . 1983. “The Central Role of the Propensity Score in Observational Studies for Causal Effects.” Biometrika 70: 41–55.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
    1. Rosenbaum, Paul, and
    2. Donald Rubin
    . 1984. “Reducing Bias in Observational Studies Using Subclassification on the Propensity Score.” Journal of the American Statistical Association 79: 516–24.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  57. ↵
    Sampson, Robert J., and John H. Laub. 1997. “A Life-Course Theory of Cumulative Disadvantage and the Stability of Delinquency.” In Developmental Theories of Crime and Delinquency, edited by Terence P. Thornberry. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers.
    1. Sampson, Robert,
    2. John Laub, and
    3. Christopher Wimer
    . 2006. “Does Marriage Reduce Crime? A Counterfactual Approach to Within-Individual Causal Effects.” Criminology 44(3): 465–508.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
    1. Sampson, Robert J.,
    2. Stephen W. Raudenbush, and
    3. Felton Earls
    . 1997. “Neighborhoods and Violent Crime: A Multilevel Study of Collective Efficacy.” Science 277(5328): 918–24.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
    1. Schwartz-Soicher Ofira,
    2. Amanda Geller, and
    3. Irwin Garfinkel
    . 2011. “The Effect of Paternal Incarceration on Material Hardship.” Social Service Review 85(3): 447–73.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  58. ↵
    1. Sugie, Naomi
    . 2012. “Punishment and Welfare: Paternal Incarceration and Families’ Receipt of Public Assistance.” Social Forces 90(4): 1403–27.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  59. ↵
    1. Sykes, Bryan, and
    2. Becky Pettit
    . 2014. “Mass Incarceration, Family Complexity, and the Reproduction of Childhood Disadvantage.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 654: 127–49.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  60. ↵
    Tonry, Michael. 1995. Malign Neglect: Race, Crime, and Punishment in America. London: Oxford University Press.
  61. ↵
    Tracy, Tennille. 2015. “Republicans Eye Changes to Food-Stamp Program.” Wall Street Journal, February 11.
  62. ↵
    1. Turney, Kristin
    . 2014. “Stress Proliferation Across Generations? Examining the Relationship Between Parental Incarceration and Childhood Health.” Journal of Health and Social Behavior 55: 302–19.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  63. ↵
    1. Turney, Kristin, and
    2. Anna Haskins
    . 2014. “Falling Behind? Children’s Early Grade Retention After Paternal Incarceration.” Sociology of Education 87(4): 241–58. doi:10.1177/0038040714547086.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
    1. Turney, Kristin, and
    2. Christopher Wildeman
    . 2013. “Redefining Relationships: Explaining the Countervailing Consequences of Parental Incarceration for Parenting.” American Sociological Review 78(6): 949–79.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  64. ↵
    1. Uggen, Christopher, and
    2. Jeff Manza
    . 2002. “Democratic Contraction? Political Consequences of Felon Disenfranchisement in the United States.” American Sociological Review 67: 777–803.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  65. ↵
    1. Uggen, Christopher, and
    2. Suzy McElrath
    . 2014. “Parental Incarceration: What We Know and Where We Need to Go.” Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 104(3): 597–604.
    OpenUrl
  66. U.S. Census Bureau. 2012. “Table 230. Educational Attainment by Race, Hispanic Origin, and Sex: 1970 to 2010.” Available at: https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/2011/compendia/statab/131ed/tables/12s0229.pdf (accessed February 16, 2021).
  67. ↵
    1. Wacquant, Loïc
    . 2001. “Deadly Symbiosis: When Ghetto and Prison Meet and Mesh.” Punishment and Society 3(1): 95–134.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  68. ↵
    1. Wacquant, Loïc
    . 2010. “Crafting the Neoliberal State: Workfare, Prisonfare, and Social Insecurity.” Sociological Forum 25(2): 197–220.
    OpenUrl
  69. ↵
    1. Wakefield, Sara, and
    2. Christopher Wildeman
    . 2011. “Mass Imprisonment and Racial Disparities in Childhood Behavioral Problems.” Criminology and Public Policy 10: 791–817.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  70. ↵
    ———. 2013. Children of the Prison Boom: Mass Incarceration and the Future of American Inequality. New York: Oxford University Press.
  71. ↵
    Western, Bruce. 2006. Punishment and Inequality in America. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
  72. Western, Bruce, Leonard Lopoo, and Sara McLanahan. 2004. “Incarceration and the Bonds Between Parents in Fragile Families.” In Imprisoning America: The Social Effects of Mass Incarceration, edited by Mary Patillo, David Weiman, and Bruce Western. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
  73. ↵
    1. Western, Bruce, and
    2. Becky Pettit
    . 2005. “Black-White Wage Inequality, Employment Rates, and Incarceration.” American Journal of Sociology 111: 553–78.
    OpenUrlCrossRef
  74. ↵
    1. Western, Bruce, and
    2. Christopher Wildeman
    . 2009. “The Black Family and Mass Incarceration.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 621: 221–42.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  75. ↵
    1. Wildeman, Christopher
    . 2009. “Parental Imprisonment and the Concentration of Childhood Disadvantage.” Demography 46(2): 265–80.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  76. ↵
    1. Wildeman, Christopher
    . 2010. “Paternal Incarceration and Children’s Physically Aggressive Behaviors: Evidence from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study.” Social Forces 89(1): 285–309.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  77. ↵
    1. Wildeman, Christopher
    . 2014. “Parental Incarceration, Child Homelessness, and the Invisible Consequences of Mass Imprisonment.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 651: 74–96.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  78. ↵
    1. Wildeman, Christopher, and
    2. Christopher Muller
    . 2012. “Mass Imprisonment and Inequality in Health and Family Life.” Annual Review of Law and Social Science 8: 11–30.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  79. ↵
    Wilson, William Julius. 1987. The Truly Disadvantaged: The Inner City, the Underclass, and Public Policy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  80. ↵
    Wilson, James Q., and George Kelling. 1982. “Broken Windows: The Police and Neighborhood Safety.” Atlantic (March): 29–38.
PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences: 1 (2)
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences
Vol. 1, Issue 2
1 Nov 2015
  • Table of Contents
  • Table of Contents (PDF)
  • Cover (PDF)
  • Index by author
Print
Download PDF
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Severe Deprivation and System Inclusion Among Children of Incarcerated Parents in the United States After the Great Recession
(Your Name) has sent you a message from RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
1 + 2 =
Solve this simple math problem and enter the result. E.g. for 1+3, enter 4.
Citation Tools
Severe Deprivation and System Inclusion Among Children of Incarcerated Parents in the United States After the Great Recession
Bryan L. Sykes, Becky Pettit
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences Nov 2015, 1 (2) 108-132; DOI: 10.7758/RSF.2015.1.2.06

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
Severe Deprivation and System Inclusion Among Children of Incarcerated Parents in the United States After the Great Recession
Bryan L. Sykes, Becky Pettit
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences Nov 2015, 1 (2) 108-132; DOI: 10.7758/RSF.2015.1.2.06
del.icio.us logo Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • POVERTY, MATERIAL HARDSHIP, AND CHILDHOOD DISADVANTAGE
    • THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
    • DATA
    • CONCEPTUAL MEASURES
    • METHODS
    • SEVERE DEPRIVATION AMONG AMERICAN CHILDREN
    • SYSTEM INCLUSION AMONG THE DISADVANTAGED
    • CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
    • Acknowledgments
    • FOOTNOTES
    • REFERENCES
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • References
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • No citing articles found.
  • Google Scholar

More in this TOC Section

  • Mass Incarceration, Parental Imprisonment, and the Great Recession: Intergenerational Sources of Severe Deprivation in America
  • Homelessness and Housing Insecurity Among Former Prisoners
Show more IV. The Prison as Poverty Institution

Similar Articles

Keywords

  • incarceration
  • hardship
  • deprivation
  • program participation
  • inequality
  • welfare

© 2025 RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences

Powered by HighWire