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Research Article
Open Access

Old Immigrants, New Niches: Russian Jewish Agricultural Colonies and Native Workers in Southern New Jersey, 1880–1910

Siobhan O’Keefe, Sarah Quincy
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences January 2018, 4 (1) 20-38; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7758/RSF.2018.4.1.02
Siobhan O’Keefe
aGraduate student in economics at the University of California–Davis
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Sarah Quincy
bGraduate student in economics at the University of California–Davis
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Abstract

We look at the effect of immigration shocks on native workers in a labor niche by testing how workers in the farm and nonfarm sectors were affected by the establishment of Russian Jewish agricultural colonies in southern New Jersey in the late nineteenth century. By following the same individuals across the 1880 and 1910 U.S. censuses, we avoid making assumptions about the substitutability of immigrants and native workers. Many native workers improved their occupational standing by transitioning to occupations complementary to agricultural and semiskilled factory work, the immigrants’ main niches. We see no impact on farmers, probably owing to the structure of agricultural markets. We also find a decreased probability of out-migration for natives living near an agricultural colony, with occupational upgrading concentrated among stayers.

  • immigration
  • native response
  • farming
  • spillovers
  • © 2018 Russell Sage Foundation. O’Keefe, Siobhan, and Sarah Quincy. 2018. “Old Immigrants, New Niches: Russian Jewish Agricultural Colonies and Native Workers in Southern New Jersey, 1880–1910.” RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences 4(1): 20–38. DOI: 10.7758/RSF.2018.4.1.02. Thank you to Katherine Eriksson and Giovanni Peri for invaluable guidance and to the seminar participants at UC Davis and the Russell Sage Foundation for comments. Direct correspondence to: Siobhan O’Keefe at smokeefe{at}ucdavis.edu, Department of Economics, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616; and Sarah Quincy at squincy{at}ucdavis.edu, Department of Economics, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616.

Open Access Policy: RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences is an open access journal. This article is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.

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RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences: 4 (1)
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences
Vol. 4, Issue 1
1 Jan 2018
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Old Immigrants, New Niches: Russian Jewish Agricultural Colonies and Native Workers in Southern New Jersey, 1880–1910
Siobhan O’Keefe, Sarah Quincy
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences Jan 2018, 4 (1) 20-38; DOI: 10.7758/RSF.2018.4.1.02

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Old Immigrants, New Niches: Russian Jewish Agricultural Colonies and Native Workers in Southern New Jersey, 1880–1910
Siobhan O’Keefe, Sarah Quincy
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences Jan 2018, 4 (1) 20-38; DOI: 10.7758/RSF.2018.4.1.02
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Keywords

  • immigration
  • native response
  • farming
  • spillovers

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