Purpose The purpose of this paper is to summarize the key findings from a critical review of
relevant US research to determine whether teachers, on average, improve in their …

Developing excellent principals who can set direction, develop people, redesign organizations,
and lead instruction requires a system of high-quality preparation and professional …

Do teachers continue to improve in their effectiveness as they gain experience in the
teaching profession? This paper aims to answer that question by critically reviewing recent …

We estimate male-female test score gaps in math and English language arts (ELA) for
nearly 10,000 US school districts using state accountability data from third- through eighth-grade …

One of the most pressing issues facing policymakers is how to staff classrooms with a stable
teaching force responsive to complex student needs and the growing demands of the …

This paper examines the options available to states to redefine their accountability systems
as they begin to implement the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA). The new law provides …

Do teachers continue to improve in their effectiveness as they gain experience in the
teaching profession? This paper aims to answer that question by critically reviewing recent …

A highly competent teacher workforce is a necessary foundation for improving children’s
educational outcomes, especially for those who rely most on schools for their success. Yet in …

To ensure that schools enjoy a steady supply of competent and committed teachers, federal,
state, and local policymakers should look to the extensive research literature in this area, …

Prior research suggests that males outperform females, on average, on multiple-choice
items compared to their relative performance on constructed-response items. This paper …