Are being unemployed and being out of the labor force distinct states?: A psychological approach
References (59)
- et al.
Unemployment stress: Loss of control, reactance and learned helplessness
Social Science Medicine
(1986) - et al.
Social psychology, unemployment exposure and equilibrium unemployment
Journal of Economic Psychology
(1992) Externality and unemployment: Change score analyses on Rotter's locus of control scale for male school-leavers and men facing redundancy
Personality and Individual Differences
(1987)- et al.
Factors moderating the psychological impact of unemployment at different ages
Personality and Individual Differences
(1990) Ordinary explanation in conversation: Causal structures and their defence
European Journal of Social Psychology
(1985)The Unemployed Man
(1934)- et al.
Evolution of feelings of control and of information receptivity during periods of unemployment
Applied Psychology: An International Review
(1989) Motivation: Theories and Principles
(1990)A theory of psychological reactance
(1966)Internal control of reinforcements and the school learning process
Labor market dynamics and unemployment: A reconsideration
Brookings Papers on Economic Activity
Parental antecedents of internal—external control of reinforcement
Psychological Reports
A note on locus of control as a function of father absence
The Journal of Genetic Psychology
Modern Labor Economics
The psychological effects of unemployment
Psychological Bulletin
A longitudinal analysis of the effects of different patterns of employment and unemployment on school-leavers
British Journal of Psychology
A psychological model of stress and its application to managerial unemployment
Human Relations
White Collar Unemployment, Impact and Stress
Social Cognition
Models for the analysis of labor force dynamics
Are unemployment and out of the labor force behaviorally distinct labor force states?
Journal of Labor Economics
The measurement of self-esteem, stress-related life events, and locus of control among unemployed and employed blue-collar workers
Journal of Applied Social Psychology
Employment deprivation and personal agency during unemployment: A critical discussion of Jahoda's explanation of the psychological effects of unemployment
Social Behavior
New evidence on whether unemployment and out of the labor force are distinct states
Journal of Human Resources
Consequences of employment and unemployment
The impact of unemployment upon the self-esteem of managers
Journal of Occupational Psychology
The demoralizing experience of prolonged unemployment
Vivid memories of vivid loves gone by
Journal of Social and Personal Relationships
Does unemployment cause future unemployment? Definitions, questions and answers from a continuous time model of heterogeneity and time dependence
Economica (August)
Cited by (34)
Stuck in the job: Does helplessness precede being locked-in at the workplace or vice versa? An analysis of cross-lagged effects
2017, Journal of Vocational BehaviorCitation Excerpt :Our results also support the theoretical idea that helplessness may lead to lack of control in specific life domains (Abramson et al., 1978), such as working life and career, and more specifically, in terms of locked-in situations at work. In respect to the reversed relationship – that is from being locked-in to helplessness over time – the result resembles mechanisms earlier detected in unemployment research, where unemployment also have been found to increase helplessness (Bjørnstad, 2006; Goldsmith et al., 1995, 1996; Rodrigues, 1997; van Ham et al., 2001). Being locked-in implies, similarly to being unemployed, that the individual is in a non-preferred work situation with limited or no control over career matters.
Have we cause for despair?
2015, Journal of Behavioral and Experimental EconomicsCitation Excerpt :The behavior of the long-term unemployed, like that of the suicidal, may be better understood if considered through the lens of despair. Economists have long recognized that sustained unemployment can have severe adverse psychological as well as economic effects (see Goldsmith, Veum and Darity, 1995, 1996a, 1996b). While unemployment itself has been shown to be significantly important to an individual's wellbeing, it is not the loss of income, the narrowly economic, that accounts for its importance (Blanchflower and Oswald, 2004; Clark and Oswald, 1994; Knabe and Ratzel, 2011; Winkelmann and Winkelmann, 1998) but the nonpecuniary aspects of unemployment such as the social and psychological costs of unemployment (Jahoda, Laxarsfeld and Zeisel, 1933).
Learned helplessness, discouraged workers, and multiple unemployment equilibria
2006, Journal of Socio-EconomicsCitation Excerpt :This is by economists called the discouraged worker effect and explains why Clark and Summers (1979), for example, reported that almost half of those who left the labour force still wanted work, and that many of these said that their inability to find a job was the sole reason for their withdrawal. Furthermore, Benati (2001) documented a clear counter-cyclical pattern of those out of the labour force, going to school and keeping house in the US, and Goldsmith et al. (1995) found that those unemployed and labour force drop-outs are psychologically indistinguishable. The relationship between unemployment, social psychology and unemployment hysteresis through the discouraged worker effect is discussed in Darity and Goldsmith (1993).
The measurement of unemployment when unemployment is high
2006, Labour EconomicsCitation Excerpt :Although this objection is hard to overturn conclusively, Clark and Oswald (1994) cite longitudinal evidence collected by psychologists that sheds doubt on the reverse causality interpretation (see Warr et al., 1988), and Winkelmann and Winkelmann (1998) and Clark (2003), who use panel data to control for individual fixed effects, find that causation runs from unemployment to unhappiness. Goldsmith et al. (1995) investigate the distinctness of the searching and non-searching unemployment states by examining whether people in these two states are equally psychologically impaired, and find for the U.S. that the two forms of joblessness are effectively indistinguishable. We extend the idea that comparing levels of happiness across individuals can shed light on the nature of their unemployment.
A bibliometric study of reference literature on youth unemployment
2023, Journal of Enterprising Communities