RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Life During COVID for Court-Involved People JF RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences FD Russell Sage Foundation SP 232 OP 251 DO 10.7758/RSF.2023.9.3.10 VO 9 IS 3 A1 Samantha Plummer A1 Timothy Ittner A1 Angie Monreal A1 Jasmin Sandelson A1 Bruce Western YR 2023 UL http://www.rsfjournal.org/content/9/3/232.abstract AB Data from a unique survey of court-involved New Yorkers collected during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 provides evidence for a cycle of disadvantage involving penal control, material hardship, and health risk. We find evidence of chaotic jail conditions from March to May 2020 in the early phase of the pandemic, and high levels of housing and food insecurity, and joblessness for those leaving jail or with current criminal cases. The highest levels of material hardship—measured by housing insecurity, unemployment, shelter stays, and poor self-reported health—were experienced by those with mental illness and substance use problems who had been incarcerated.