Income Dynamics and Income Inadequacy at the Transition to Parenthood, 1983–2019

Pilar Gonalons-Pons; Kelly Musick; Jennifer Glass; Aida Villanueva

doi:10.7758/RSF.2026.12.1.04

Article Information

vol. 12 no. 1 96-121

DOI

https://doi.org/10.7758/RSF.2026.12.1.04

Published By

RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences

Print ISSN

2377-8253

Online ISSN

2377-8261

History

Published online May 13, 2026.

© 2026 Russell Sage Foundation. Gonalons-Pons, Pilar, Kelly Musick, Jennifer Glass, and Aida Villanueva. 2026. “Income Dynamics and Income Inadequacy at the Transition to Parenthood, 1983–2019.” RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences 12(1): 96–121. https://doi.org/10.7758/RSF.2026.12.1.04. We are grateful to the RSF “Three Decades Since Making Ends Meet: What We Know About How Single-Mother Families Survive Today” editors and conference participants for valuable comments and suggestions. Direct correspondence to: Pilar Gonalons-Pons, at pgonalon{at}sas.upenn.edu, Department of Sociology, 3718 Locust Walk, McNeil Building, Ste. 353, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6299, United States. Open Access Policy: RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences is an open access journal. This article is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.

Author Information

Pilar Gonalons-Pons^a,
Kelly Musick^b,
Jennifer Glass^c and
Aida Villanueva^d

^aAlber-Klingelhofer Presidential Associate Professor in Sociology at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States
^bProfessor of sociology and public policy in the Jeb E. Brooks School of Public Policy at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
^cCentennial Commission Professor of Liberal Arts in the Department of Sociology at the University of Texas-Austin, United States
^dAssistant professor in the Sociology Department at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst, United States