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Research ArticleIII. Consequences of the Deportation System for Immigrants, Families, and Communities in the United States
Open Access

Settlement Duration Matters: Deportation Threat and Safety Net Participation Among Mixed-Status Families

Youngjin Stephanie Hong, Marci Ybarra, Angela S. García
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences November 2025, 11 (4) 142-174; DOI: https://doi.org/10.7758/RSF.2025.11.4.07
Youngjin Stephanie Hong
aT32 postdoctoral trainee at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, United States
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Marci Ybarra
bProfessor and director at the Sandra Rosenbaum School of Social Work, University of Wisconsin–Madison, United States
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Angela S. García
cAssociate professor at the University of Chicago Crown Family School of Social Work, Policy, and Practice, United States
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Article Information

vol. 11 no. 4 142-174
DOI 
https://doi.org/10.7758/RSF.2025.11.4.07

Published By 
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences
Print ISSN 
2377-8253
Online ISSN 
2377-8261
History 
  • Published online December 4, 2025.

Copyright & Usage 
© 2025 Russell Sage Foundation. Hong, Youngjin Stephanie, Marci Ybarra, and Angela S. García. 2025. “Settlement Duration Matters: Deportation Threat and Safety Net Participation Among Mixed-Status Families.” RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences 11(4): 142–74. https://doi.org/10/7758/RSF.2025.11.4.07. This study was partially funded by the Center for the Study of Race, Politics, and Culture Funding at the University of Chicago. The first author currently receives support as a postdoctoral trainee from the National Institutes of Health under Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award (T32HD049302) from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development or the National Institutes of Health. Direct correspondence to: Youngjin Stephanie Hong, at hong249{at}wisc.edu, 610 Walnut Street, Madison, WI 53726, United States; Marci Ybarra, at ybarra{at}wisc.edu, 1006 Shasta Drive, Madison, WI, 53704, United States; Angela S. García, at agarcia{at}uchicago.edu, 969 E. 60th Street, Chicago IL 60637, United States. Open Access Policy: RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences is an open access journal. This article is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.

Author Information

  1. Youngjin Stephanie Honga,
  2. Marci Ybarrab and
  3. Angela S. Garcíac
  1. aT32 postdoctoral trainee at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, United States
  2. bProfessor and director at the Sandra Rosenbaum School of Social Work, University of Wisconsin–Madison, United States
  3. cAssociate professor at the University of Chicago Crown Family School of Social Work, Policy, and Practice, United States
  1. Correspondence authors:
    Youngjin Stephanie Hong, (hong249{at}wisc.edu), Marci Ybarra, (ybarra{at}wisc.edu), Angela S. García, (agarcia{at}uchicago.edu)
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RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences: 11 (4)
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences
Vol. 11, Issue 4
1 Nov 2025
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Settlement Duration Matters: Deportation Threat and Safety Net Participation Among Mixed-Status Families
Youngjin Stephanie Hong, Marci Ybarra, Angela S. García
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences Nov 2025, 11 (4) 142-174; DOI: 10.7758/RSF.2025.11.4.07

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Settlement Duration Matters: Deportation Threat and Safety Net Participation Among Mixed-Status Families
Youngjin Stephanie Hong, Marci Ybarra, Angela S. García
RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences Nov 2025, 11 (4) 142-174; DOI: 10.7758/RSF.2025.11.4.07
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • BACKGROUND
    • DATA
    • MEASURES
    • EMPIRICAL STRATEGY
    • SAMPLE CHARACTERISTICS BY MOTHER’S IMMIGRATION STATUS
    • ASSOCIATION BETWEEN REMOVAL RATES AND SAFETY NET PARTICIPATION (RQ1)
    • THE ROLE OF MOTHER’S DURATION IN THE US (RQ2)
    • FALSIFICATION AND ROBUSTNESS TESTS
    • DISCUSSION
    • Appendix A
    • Appendix B
    • FOOTNOTES
    • REFERENCES
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Show more III. Consequences of the Deportation System for Immigrants, Families, and Communities in the United States

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Keywords

  • deportation threat
  • secure communities
  • safety net
  • mixed-status families
  • settlement
  • recent arrivals

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